8.12.3-4. TIAHUANACO

Sep 5, 2020 at 5:05pm
Last Edit: Sep 11, 2020 at 10:18am by Admin

1. TIAHUANACO; MISALIGN; PREHISTORIC BRITAIN

TIAHUANACO

DATING
12. Neil Steede: From ____Tiahuanaco to the Giza Plateau [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
_From: SIS Internet Digest 2000:2 (Dec 2000) Home | Issue Contents Neil Steede: From ____Tiahuanaco to the Giza Plateau
_In an amusing style that had the audience in stitches, this pony-tailed man in his fifties bulldozed through a series of theories regarding his work at ____Tiahuanaco in Bolivia, Giza in Egypt and La Venta on Mexico's Gulf coast. At ____Tiahuanaco, Neil was invited by a television company to check out the findings of German archaeologist Arthur Posnansky who in the 1940s concluded that its famous Kalasasaya Court marked the rising of the sun at the solstices as they would have been observed around 15,000 BC (later dropped to 10,000 BC).

STRANDLINE
42. Myths of the Great Flood (Moons, Myths and Man) [Books]
... strand line which is about 12 800 feet above sea-level. It is easily verifiable as an ancient littoral because calcareous deposits of algae have painted a conspicuous white band upon the rocks, and because shells and shingle are littered about there. What is even more remarkable is that on this strand line are situated the cyclopean ruins of the town of ____Tiahuanaco, enigmatic remains which show five distinct landing-places, harbours with moles and so on; a canal surrounding part of the site has been traced. The only plausible explanation is that the town was once situated on the shores of the girdle-tide, for no one can easily believe that the Andes have risen at least some 12 800 feet since the town was founded. On the other hand, if our view is correct, the ruins must date from so distant an age that no figure can even approximately be determined; it must be several hundred thousand years, at the very least. To return to our myths of Type A. The Chinese

DRASTIC UPLIFT
25. The Punctuation Marks of Geological History [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... H. Hapgood
_There is much geological evidence pointing to the occurrence of catastrophes, not necessarily cataclysms involving the entire earth, but catastrophes in a true sense just the same. One of these occurred in South America only a few thousand years ago. It appears that the Cordillera of the Andes was suddenly and drastically uplifted while the city of ____Tiahuanaco was still inhabited. The ruins of that city are close to the shore of Lake Titicaca, which stands at an elevation of 12,000 feet above sea level. It is known that some marine species, including the sea horse and some varieties of salt water mollusks, still inhabit Lake Titicaca. These are evidence that the lake was once connected with the sea. Thereafter the salt was washed out of the lake slowly enough to enable the aquatic life to adapt to fresh water in which it now lives. A river flows out of the lake, carrying the salt away, while rains maintain Titicaca's level. The river descends through a succession of lower lakes in which a great deal of salt is found. Evidence that this enormous uplift occurred during human occupation of the area is found in thousands of miles of elevated stone terraces intended for agricultural production built on the sides of the mountains surrounding the Titicaca basin. Some of these terraces are found at an elevation of 18,400 feet above sea level - which is above the level of eternal snow! Even at the present level of the deserted city (about 12,000 feet) very little food can be grown. Ears of corn reach a length of only 3 inches. This is evidence of extreme and recent geological catastrophe, and there is much more South American evidence to support it. In my studies of geology and ancient maps I have found many additional indications of radical change to the earth's surface. It has been ascertained, for example, that the last North American ice cap, which covered 4,000,

CLIMATIC PERTURBATION
35. Catastrophe: An Investigation Into The Origins Of The Modern World (Book Review) [Journals] [Aeon]
poet, Ranggawarsita III, from a familial legacy of generations of authors and poets, compiled The Book of Ancient Kings in the nineteenth century, the 1869 manuscript portion of which describes an event in the Shaka calendar of tremendous thunder, furious earthquakes, tornadic winds, and torrential rain that ripped apart the once integral island of Java-Sumatra, the mountains and plains of which sank into the sea. A later version written in the 1880s is descriptively colored by the 1883 modern eruption of Krakatoa. Chinese annals of the earlier period also speak of distant thunder and, in following years, of the droughts, floods, plagues and yellow rain which devastated the land. Hearkening back to the event of 535, we are led by Keys through a series of outcomes in a logical description of the etiology for each: The spread of bubonic plague in the wake of the disaster due to global cooling and incipient famine; the rise of Islam and the fall of Teotihuacan; the birth of England and the death of Tiwanaku (aka ____Tiahuanaco); the spread of horse barbarians from Asia into Europe; and the movements of displaced peoples everywhere. All of which transpired because of the climatic perturbation that resulted after the eruption of ancient Krakatoa. This was also dramatized in a recent PBS televised episode: Catastrophe! The Day the Sun Went Out. Awhile back, dendrochronologist Michael Baillie of Queen's University in Belfast, Ireland, reiterated his previous findings at a British Association for the Advancement of Science conference that there is evidence in dendrochronology for a global disaster, where tree rings from around the world about 540 ad showed a significant slowdown in growth. This worldwide phenomenon was indicative of a major climatic

VIRACOCHA, VURUKASHA, FLOODS
38. Book Shelf [Journals] [Aeon]
either coming from, or going toward, watery seas, as did Kukulcan of the Mayas or Quetzalcoatl of the Aztecs. And, likewise in Egyptian myth, is Osiris, whose funerary boat was associated with the Nile. Or even that of the biblical newborn Moses, whose reed boat was found in the rushes of the Nile, and whose name means simply "child" or "son." But, unmentioned by Hancock, in the Asiatic sphere there is the equivalent Iranian Kai Khusrau, who is associated with Lake Vurukasha (6 )- a watery designation bearing a remarkable homophonic similarity to the name of Viracocha, whose legendary capital was the Andean city of ____Tiahuanaco by Lake Titicaca. All of these worldwide legends and folkloric tales are closely associated with devastating cataclysms and inundations which brought earlier powerful civilizations to an unceremonious and ignominious end, principal among which are the sweeping accounts of floods that left precious few survivors to relate their fragmented stories of wretchedness and woe. Hancock himself is of catastrophist bent,

MOON DEPICTION
34. Myths of a Moonless Age and the Capture (Moons, Myths and Man) [Books]
... or semi-goddess Scomalt reigned over an island. When her subjects rebelled against her she drove them all to a corner of her island which she broke off and pushed out into the sea. Wind and waves tossed the floating island about till all the refugees except two died. From this couple the Okinagans are descended. ' On the pottery of ____Tiahuanaco, that enigmatic prehistoric city in the highest Andes, the Moon is frequently found depicted. It is significant that it is always drawn as a tiny disk and never with its much more characteristic sickle forms. It is generally accompanied by the pictograph of the puma, a personification of evil; an indication that the people of that place feared the Moon. These pictures were probably drawn before Luna was captured. The Peruvians refer to some change in the course of the heavenly bodies. One of their myths says: When the Great Flood covered the Earth all human beings perished except a shepherd with his family and his flock of llamas. Having observed that the animals anxiously watched a certain group of stars, he became aware of the indications of an imminent destruction of the world through water. Now, without losing time, he scaled, with kith and cattle, the top of the mountain Ancasmarca. His group had scarcely arrived there when the sea began to rise. It rose higher and higher, but the mountain floated on the roaring waves like a ship. This lasted for five days, during which time the Sun was obscured. Then the waters began to subside. Now the shepherd of Ancasmarca left his refuge and descended again to the valley. His children peopled the Earth

GIZA, TIAHUANACO CONNECTION
15. Fingerprints of the Gods: do ancient relicts point to an advanced civilisation 15,000 years ago? [Journals] [SIS Review]
... wrap around the corner here in Peru near Cuzco. We find exactly the same kind of feature at the Valley Temple (Fig. 4.) which stands next door to the great Sphinx at Giza in Egypt. It is a rather distinctive way of making blocks wrap around corners. Turning once again to South America, in stones from ____Tiahuanaco in Bolivia indents are found which show that the gigantic blocks there were once joined by a metal T' or I' shaped bar - and in fact one or two of these pieces of metal have survived until the present day. We find exactly the same way of joining blocks in Egypt. We do not find it anywhere else

GIZA, TIAHUANACO, TEOTIHUACAN CONNECTION
28. Colin Wilson: Earth's Earliest Civilisation and the Giza Meridian [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... has been expounded again in Colin Wilson and Rand Flem-ath's new book The Atlantis Blueprint. Colin explained how Rand had come to the conclusion that sea-faring Atlanteans from Antarctica had gone on to establish new colonies in different parts of the world using a pre-existent global grid constructed by themselves. It has Giza as a zero-point meridian and includes sites such as ____Tiahuanaco in Bolivia, which lies exactly 100 degrees west of Giza; Teotihuacan in Mexico, which is precisely 80 degrees west of Giza, as well as other major sites such as Easter Island. Colin explained that ancient temples and religious structures were built very often on sites which had been sacred to earlier cultures. Yet if these discoveries are

GIZA, TIAHUANACO RELIGIONS
29. Fingerprints of the Gods by Graham Hancock [Journals] [SIS Review]
... in these areas and graphically describes the architecture and stone engineering which still astounds experts. Much of the documentation, if it ever existed, has been lost or destroyed but what remains tells of floods with few survivors and of knowledgeable strangers coming to restart civilisation. Some of the buildings and religions have an uncanny resemblance to those of Egypt. ____Tiahuanaco includes a pyramid oriented to the cardinal points, docks originally on Lake Titicaca (now 12 mls away and 100 ft lower) and is littered with fossil sea-shells. Reed boats similar to those used on the Nile for carrying obelisks etc. may have been introduced by Viracocha in 15,000 BC, a date calculated by Posnansky [

EASTER ISLAND, TIAHUANACO CONNECTION
20. Easter Island - the mystery solved [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... material evidence which those who still adhere to the traditional theme of Pacific colonisation only from the west would do well to take note of. The seafaring abilities of the pre-Incan peoples of Peru are still dismissed as insignificant, but Heyerdahl proves, to my satisfaction at least, that the original settlers of Easter Island came from a culture centred around ____Tiahuanaco in the Peruvian Andes. Possibly two waves of people settled the island from this direction after wars at home. They brought with them their religion and their megalithic statue culture and were only joined much later by people from Polynesia who functioned more like slaves until they revolted during the period immediately after the first European intrusion upon the island.

EASTER ISLAND, TIAHUANACO CONNECTION
45. more Myths Monuments and Mnemonics: A Visit To Easter Island [Journals] [Horus]
... measurement as well as worship of the heavens. Anakena As the legend goes, when Hotu-Matua and his group made landfall on Easter Island, they first touched shore at a small beautiful beach on the North coast. They named the island Te Pito o te Henua "the Navel of the World." The Inca had honored their city of ____Tiahuanaco with the same name. The Greek Omphalos echoes the term as do equivalent titles in other ancient cultures. In each case the concept was an integral part of the cosmology and represented the conceptual geographic center where Earth and Heaven interact. It stretches credulity beyond reasonable limits to rationalize the presence of the term on Easter Island as coincidence or

GATEWAY, PHOENICIANS
47. The Stone-Worshippers Part I Ch.VI (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
these maritime adventures, as is only natural since he cannot point to any cromlechs in their own supposed country - or in Egypt - awards the credit to some undefined race in India. Did India introduce cromlechs throughout the British Isles and Scandinavia? Has India ever shown any trace of colonizing or leading the world? Has it ever shown creativeness? In the case of Peru two pieces of evidence point definitely to the originators. At Cuzco, the ancient capital, and Ollantaytambo, with the fortress of Sacsahuaman, to name but three, are gigantic stone buildings of Cyclopean work, immense stones, fitting perfectly into each interstice, as firm as the day they were laid, and yet innocent of cement. That type of work originated from the Atlantic, and may be retraced to Great Britain and Ireland as the true centre of this prehistoric style, found frequently in Cornwall. That is one clue to the Chimu. The other is the famous monolithic gateway at ____Tiahuanaco, near Lake Titicaca, of which much has been written but nothing that has probed the heart of the amazing gateway sculpture. In the centre is a deity, who holds in either hand what is plainly intended to represent a fiery pillar as indicated by the serpent heads. On either side of this deity are winged acolytes with crowned heads prostrating themselves before him, each bearing aloft a pillar, thus forming a galaxy. Now I declare that the god in question is and can be none other than the Tyrian Hercules or Melcarth, the really important deity of Tyre, in its day the greatest city in the world. Melcarth is represented with his two Pillars, the Pillars of Strength, and on her coins Tyre used the symbol of the two Pillars round which were entwined serpents to represent celestial fire. It was Hercules or Melcarth who, by his act, threw the Giants into Hades or Tartarus, and here his adoring galaxy represent meteors, his angels or acolytes, each with a flaming pillar to dispose of. The Peruvians called the god Viracocha or Pachacamac, but the god was not in any way theirs. He belonged to their conquerors, and those, as the evidence shows, were the Phoenicians, whose ships sailed to all parts. Peru was surely the real land of Ophir, whence the ships of Tarshish, belonging to Hiram of Tyre and Solomon, brought home gold and other treasures, including tukkiyim or turkeys, a native bird of Central America, in their three-year voyages. Did not Solomon garnish the temple of Jerusalem with "gold of Paruaim" or

MELCARTH, HERCULES
36. The Cimmerians and Phaeton Part I Ch.III (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... the grumpy old ferryman Charon, and that Ferry, I fancy, may be found in Scotland to this day. As for Cimmerian castles, why should they be particularly signalized as something outstanding unless there was a reason for it? Scandinavia has nothing to offer as a solution to that puzzle, but Scotland has.
_THE MONOLITHIC GATEWAY AT ____TIAHUANACO, PERU, SHOWING MELCARTH AND HIS GALAXY.
_MELCARTH, THE HERCULES OF TYRE, SHOWN IN THE CENTRE OF THE MONOLITHIC GATEWAY AT TIAHUANACO, PERU.
_WINGED ACOLYTES, WHICH SURROUND THE GOD ON THE MONOLITHIC GATEWAY, EACH BEARING A PILLAR AND KNEELING TO MELCARTH.
_In various parts of the Highlands are the remains of the mysterious vitrified forts of prehistoric castles, usually built on a height, of Cyclopean stones, stretching from Caithness to Argyllshire. They were originally erected in the Cyclopean way of immense stones fitting one above another, piled up, and Un-cemented. In the catastrophe of the Flood, as I shall show, vast waves of uncontrolled electricity of stupendous power swept furiously across the land, especially in the region I have mentioned, from east to west, or more accurately from east-north-east to west-south-west, consuming everything in their path with the unbridled heat of a voltage none can compute. The castles, however, facing this onslaught, were miraculously preserved because the heat largely melted the solid rocks and welded them together, those walls at least which met the direct rays or blast as they passed onward with the cometary body then plunging to earth. Those stones in the rear of these castles have long ago crumbled into debris but the facing stones have remained indelible through the ages, and offer a silent witness not only to the tremendous forces of nature but to the retreat of the Cimmerians. For, in retreating from the Scythian hordes, they had the British Isles as their refuge, having been connected with them from an age long anterior to the story Herodotus tells. That the Scythians in part also invaded the British Isles is proved by the very name of the Scots. Scandinavia's antiquities have revealed high culture and her archaeology corresponds closely with that of Britain, such as round temples, long barrows and the like. According to the Swedish archaeologist Nagerbring, she enjoyed a high culture at least as early as the third millennium BC. Not only did Baug and Johann Magnus claim that the race of Adam settled first in that ancient seat of man but Magnus said that King Sven ruled over the Goths in Sweden before the Flood. He contended further that Magog, the son of Japheth, settled in Sweden, possibly a reference to the settlement of the Scythians or Swedes. Gomer, the eldest son of Japheth, according to Josephus, was the founder of the Galatai or Cimmerians, which makes them the oldest race in the world.8 It is regrettable that the claims of the Scandinavians have always been shelved for we cannot pretend that our knowledge of the past, meaning our pedigrees and ancestors, is even tolerably comprehensive, when we limit our outlook to the Mediterranean peoples who, in many ways, are the least reliable. Bible students, if they wish to arrive at the truth, will need to revise their ideas very considerably. At all events in this outline I have endeavoured to show that the Cimmerians were among the most ancient of peoples, the blond giants, whose blood we largely inherit with the Norwegians, our blood brothers, and when we probe into the remote past of the Cimmerians we discover their direct link with the Flood in the myth of Phaeton and the river Eridanus, and also with the Underworld or Land of Hades, all of which takes us to the Ocean, to Atlantis, and to the Flood of Noah as related in that remarkable apocalyptic work, the Book of Enoch, together with the tradition of the Giants who

INTERTWINING
49. The Cosmic Double Helix [Journals] [Aeon]
... noted by the 19th century scholars Preller and Kuhn. [100] Hermes was not only celebrated for his caduceus, but also for the hermai, the phallic stones which embodied him. Hermes' tangle of symbolic associations is really quite similar to that of Shiva. Example of deity holding serpents in his hands. From the monolithic gate at ____Tiahuanaco The Intertwining Plants Although much research remains to be done regarding the motif of intertwining plants, the vestiges of a profound pattern already crystallised during my initial inquiries. In the strange world of mythology, plants and trees intertwine just as easily with each other as serpents and a close study reveals that the intertwining serpents are structurally identical with the

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5. ____Tiahuanaco and the Delug [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
[[See www.crystalinks.com/tiahuanaco2.html ]]
_From: Catastrophism and Ancient History VI:2 (July 1984) Home | Issue Contents THEORY WORKSHOP ____Tiahuanaco and the Deluge Helmut Settl
_Cradled in the basin of the Peruvian-Bolivian altiplano, the Titicaca region is currently densely populated by the Aymara Indians, who eke out an agricultural existence, subsisting primarily on maize, frozen potatoes, and chicha, a fermented alcoholic beverage made of cornmeal. But there is evidence that such was not always the case. Just 12 miles southward of the southernmost tip of Lake Titicaca lie the remains of ____Tiahuanaco, the site of a technologically advanced culture considered by many archaeologists (romantic - not orthodox) to be the oldest ruins in the world. Although some misguided scholars have attributed the buildings of Tiahuanaco to the Incas, it has now been established that the city was already in ruins when the first Incas came upon the scene. In 1540 the Spanish chronicler, Pedro Cieza de Leon, visited the area and his description of the statues and monoliths compares very closely to what we see today. The site is at an altitude of 13,300 feet, which places it some 800 feet above the present level of Lake Titicaca. Most archaeologists agree that in the distant past Tiahuanaco was a flourishing port at the edge of the lake, which means that the water has receded almost 12 miles and has dropped about 800 feet since then. All concur that the lake is shrinking, due mainly to evaporation, since no rivers flow from it. The Tiahuanaco culture, as it is called, is unique in its sculpture and its style of stone construction. The figures depicted in the
...
the stones. Many of these enormous stone blocks probably have not been moved since they fell thousands of years ago. Archaeologists however speculate that the stones were dressed, but never erected - that the construction for which they were intended was interrupted. It is equally valid, however, to assume that the buildings were completed and then toppled by some natural catastrophe, such as the eruption of the Andes mountain chain or a world-wide deluge.
_It is interesting to observe the archaeological excavation work, which is under way at the site. At this altitude of 13,300 feet some of the remains are found at a level 6 feet below the earth's surface. The mountain ranges which surround the area are not high enough to permit sufficient runoff of water or wind erosion to have covered the ruins to such a depth. This remains a mystery. Legends have persisted over the centuries that there are stone structures beneath the waters of Lake Titicaca, much the same kind as can be found on the lake's shore. The Indians of that region have frequently recounted this tradition, but until recently there has been no proof of such structures. In 1968 Jacques Cousteau, the French underwater explorer, took his crew and equipment there to explore the lake and search for evidence of underwater construction. Although severely hampered in their activities by the extreme altitude, the divers spent many days searching the lake bottom, in the vicinity of the islands of the Sun and Moon, but found nothing man-made. Cousteau concluded the legends were a myth. Recently in November 1980, however, the well known Bolivian author and scholar of pre-Columbian cultures, Hugo Boero Rojo, announced the finding of archaeological ruins beneath Lake Titicaca about 15 to 20 meters below the surface off the coast of Puerto Acosta, a Bolivian port village near the Peruvian frontier on the northeast edge of the lake. Based upon information furnished by Elias Mamani, a native of the region who is over 100 years old, Boero Rojo and two Puertorican cinematographers, Ivan and Alex Irrizarry, were able to locate the ruins after extensive exploration of the lake bottom in the area, while filming a documentary on the nearby Indians. At a press conference the Bolivian author stated "we can now say that the existence of pre-Columbian constructions under the waters of Lake Titicaca is no longer a mere supposition or science-fiction, but a real fact." "Further," he added, "the remnants found show the existence of old civilizations that greatly antecede the Spanish colonization. We have found temples built of huge blocks of stone, with stone roads leading to unknown places and flights of steps whose bases were lost in the depths of the lake amid a thick vegetation of algae." Boero Rojo described these monumental ruins as being "of probable Tiahuanaco origin." The Polish-born Bolivian archaeologist Arturo Posnansky has concluded that the Tiahuanaco culture began in the region at about 1600 B.C. and flourished until at least 1200 A.D. His disciple, Professor Hans Schindler-Bellamy, believed Tiahuanaco to have reached back 12,000 years before the present era, although a more conservative Peruvian archaeologist, Professor Kaufmann-Doihg, dates the site's flourishing at about 300-900 A.D. What happened to the advanced ancient culture, however, has not yet been determined. Boero Rojo's discovery nevertheless may prove to create more problems than it solves.
_If, over the past 3 or 4000 years Lake Titicaca has slowly receded, as appears to be the case - as all scientists agree, then how can we explain the existence of stone temples, stairways, and roads still under water? The only answer is that they were built before the lake materialized. We must go back, then, to the remnants of Tiahuanaco and reexamine the more than 400 acres of ruins, only 10 percent of which have been excavated. We have pointed out that dirt covers the ancient civilization to a depth of at least 6 feet. The only explanation for this accumulation is water. A large amount of water had to have inundated the city; when it receded it left the silt covering all evidence of an advanced civilization, leaving only the largest statues and monoliths still exposed. It is logical to conclude, therefore, that Tiahuanaco was built before the lake was created, and not as a port on its shore. As the waters today continue to recede, we should be able to find more evidence of the city's remote peoples. Scientists theorize that the area of Lake Titicaca was at one time at sea level, because of the profusion of fossilized marine life which can be found in the region. The area then lifted with the Andean upheaval and a basin was created which filled in to form the lake.
_No one has suggested the marine life might have been brought to the altiplano by sea waters which were at flood stage. Peruvian legends clearly relate a story of world-wide flood in the distant past. Whether it was the biblical flood of Noah, or another one, we cannot say, but there is ample physical evidence of a universal inundation, with the world-wide deluge described in more than a hundred flood-myths. Along with Noah's flood were the Babylonian Utnapischtim of the Gilgamesh epic, the Sumerian Ziusudra, the Persian Jima, the Indian Manu, the Maya Coxcox, the Colombian Bochica, the Algonkin's Nanabozu, the Crows' Coyote, the Greek Deukabon and Pyrrha, the Chinese Noah Kuen, and the Polynesian Tangaloa. It is evident there was a world-wide deluge 12,000 years ago. Global doomsdays are conspicuous in the Hopi Indian legends, the Finnish Kalevala epic, the Mayan Chilam Balam and Popol Vuh, and in the Aztec calendar, the last of which predicts that our present civilization will be destroyed by "nahuatl olin" or "earth movement," that is, devastation by earthquake. Due to Aztec cyclic theory this will become the fifth doomsday after the "death of the Jaguars," "the death of the Tempests," "the death of the Great Fire" (vulcanism), and "the Great Deluge." If a flourishing advanced civilization existed on the Peruvian altiplano many thousands of years ago and was reached by the flood waters, many problems would be solved, such as the existence of Tiahuanaco's ruins under 6 feet of earth at an elevation of 13,300 feet. The presence of stone structures still under the lake's waters and the existence of marine life at an impossible altitude would also make sense.
_In my 1978 and 1984 trips to Peru I was impressed by agricultural terracing on the sides and very tops of the steep peaks. These appear to be the oldest - and now unused - portions of the terracing. As you look down the mountains you see more and more terraces of more recent origin. We are told that only the Inca (specifically the Sapai Inca, i.e . the ruler) could use the lower portions and the fertile valleys; the "peons" had to climb to the very peaks to cultivate the soil for their own subsistence. This seems highly unlikely in what we know to have been a pure communistic-theocratic society. Pondering the logistics involved, I see no problem with the spring planting. It would not be difficult to carry a sack of seed to the mountain tops, scratch out some of the soil, and plant them. But then, I wondered, it must have been very tough in the fall to carry the harvest 2 to 3000 feet down to the valley floor. Then it struck me. If there really had been a world-wide deluge covering most of the earth's surface - leaving only mountain tops protruding in the sunlight - then the few remaining survivors of the deluge would naturally plant their seeds on mountain tops. They had no problem getting produce down, because they lived at the top. Also, they used boats to move from one peak to another. As the flood waters receded the terracing began to creep down the mountain sides, as can be seen today, with the ones near the bottom being the freshest. As Boero Rojo stated, "the discovery of Aymara structures under the waters of Lake Titicaca could pose entirely new theses on the disappearance of an entire civilization, which, for some unknown reason, became submerged." The Tiahuanacans could have been victims of world-wide flood, their civilization all but wiped out when their homes and structures were covered with sea water. Because of the basin-like geography of the area the flood waters that became Lake Titicaca could not run off and have only gradually evaporated over the centuries.
_Professor Schindler-Bellamy as a disciple of Posnansky and Horbiger (who created the world famous Glacial-Kosmogony theory in the 1930's) has worked dozens of years in the Tiahuanaco area and has written books on the subject. According to him the large monolithic Sun Gate of Tiahuanaco was evidently originally the centerpiece of the most important part of the so-called Kalasasaya, the huge chief temple of Tiahuanaco. Its upper part is covered with a stupendously intricate sculpture in flat bas relief. This has been described as a "calendar" almost as long as the monolithic gateway has been known to exist; thus the Sun Gate has also been called "the Calendar Gate." This calendar sculpture, though it undoubtedly depicts a "solar year," cannot however be made to fit into the solar year as we divide it at present. After many futile attempts had been made, by employing a Procrustean chopping off of toes or heels to make the calendar work, the sculpture - which indeed has a highly decorative aspect - was eventually declared generally to be nothing but an intricate piece of art. (See Arturo Posnansky and F. Buck.) Professor Schindler-Bellamy and the American astronomer Allen have nevertheless continued to insist the sculpture was a calendar, though one of a special kind, designed for special purpose, and, of course, for a special time. Hence it must refer exclusively to the reckoning of that time, and to certain events occurring then. Consequently we cannot make the calendar "speak" in terms of our own time, but let it speak for itself - and listen to what it says and learn from it. When we do so we gain an immense insight into the world of the people of that era, into the manner of thinking of their intellectuals, and generally into the way their craftsmen and laborers lived and worked. To describe these things in detail would make a long story; it took Dr. Allen and Professor Schindler-Bellamy and their helpers many years of hard work to puzzle out the Tiahuanaco system of notation and its symbology, and to make the necessary calculations (before the age of computers). The result was a book of over 400 pages, The Calendar of Tiahuanaco, published in 1956.
_Thorough analysis of the Sun Gate sculpture revealed the astonishing fact that the calendar is not a mere list of days for the "man in the street" of the Tiahuanaco of that time, telling him the dates of market days or holy days; it is actually, and pre-eminently a unique depository of astronomical, mathematical, and scientific data - the quintessence of the knowledge of the bearers of Tiahuanacan culture. The enormous amount of information the calendar has been made to contain - and to impart to anyone ready and able to read it - is communicated in a way that is, once the system of notation has been grasped, singularly lucid and intelligible, "counting by units of pictorial or abstract form." The different forms of those units attribute special, very definite and important additional meanings to them, and make them do double or multiple duty. By means of that method "any number" can be expressed without employing definite "numerals" whose meaning might be difficult, if not impossible, to establish. It is only necessary to recognize the units and consider their forms, and find their groupings, count them out, and render the result in our own numerical notation. Some of the results seem to be so unbelievable that superficial critics have rejected them as mere arrant nonsense. But they are too well dove-tailed and geared into the greater system (and in some cases supported by peculiar repetitions and cross-references) to be discarded in disgust; one has to accept them as correct. Whoever rejects them, however, also accepts the onus of offering a better explanation, and Professor Schindler-Bellamy has the "advantage of doubt," at any rate. The "solar year" of the calendar's time had very practically the same length as our own, but, as shown symbolically by the sculpture, the earth revolved more quickly then, making the Tiahuanacan year only 290 days, divided into 12 "twelfths" of 24 days each, plus 2 intercalary days. These groupings (290, 24, 12, 2) are clearly and unmistakably shown in the sculpture. The explanation of 290 versus 365 ¼ days cannot be discussed here.
_At the time Tiahuanaco flourished the present moon was not yet the companion of our earth but was still an independent exterior planet. Tehre was another satellite moving around our earth then, rather close - 5.9 terrestrial radii, center to center; our present moon being at 60 radii. Because of its closeness it moved around the earth more quickly than our planet rotated. Therefore it rose in the west and set in the east (like Mars' satellite Phobos), and so caused a great number of solar eclipses, 37 in one "twelfth," or 447 in one "solar year." Of course it caused an equal number of satellite eclipses. These groupings (37, 447) are shown in the sculpture, with many corroborating cross-references. Different symbols show when these solar eclipses, which were of some duration, occurred: at sunrise, at noon, at sunset. These are only a small sample of the exact astronomical information the calendar gives. It also gives the beginning of the year, the days of the equinoxes and solstices, the incidence of the two intercalary days, information on the obliquity of the ecliptic (then about 16.5 degrees; now 23.5 ) and on Tiahuanaco's latitude (then about 10 degrees; now 16.27), and many other astronomical and geographical references from which interesting and important data may be calculated or inferred by us. Tiahuanacan scientists certainly knew, for instance, that the earth was a globe which rotated on its axis (not that the sun moved over a flat earth), because they calculated exactly the times of eclipses not visible at Tiahuanaco but visible in the opposite hemisphere. (One wonders whether they were actually able to travel around the world, and speculate in what sort of vessel!)
_A few more facts revealed in the calendar are both interesting and surprising. As indicated by an arrangement of "geometrical" elements we can ascertain that the Tiahuanacans divided the circle (actually astronomically; but certainly mathematically) into 264 degrees (rather than 360). Also, they determined - ages before Archimedes and the Egyptians- the ratio of pi, the most important ratio between the circumference of the circle and its diameter, as 22/7, or, in our notation, 3.14 +. They could calculate squares (and hence, square roots). They knew trigonometry and the measuring of angles (30, 60, 90 degrees) and their functions. They could calculate and indicate fractions, but do not seem to have known the decimal system- nor did they apparently ever employ the duodecimal system, though they were aware of it. (For a still unknown reason, however, the number 11 and its multiples occur often.) They were able to draw absolutely straight lines and exact right angles, but no mathematical instruments have yet been found. We must take notice of the evident parallels with the markings of' the Nasca Plain. We do not know the excellent tools they must have used for working the glass-hard andesite stone of their monuments, cutting, polishing, and incising. They must have employed block and tackle for lifting and transporting great loads (up to 200 tons) over considerable distances and even over expanses of water from the quarries to the construction sites.
_It is difficult to see how all the calculations, planning, and design work involved in producing the great city of Tiahuanaco could have been done without some form of writing, and without a system of notation different from the "unit" system of the calendar sculpture. If they had such a system they must have used it only on perishable materials. (One is tempted to think all these Nasca markings had been constructed by Atlanteans who fled to the altiplano before or after the destruction of their island continent 12,000 years ago.) I have so far dealt with some of the aspects of the Tiahuanacan world, namely those connected with the calendar as a monument of what Schindler-Bellamy describes as "fossilized science." But the calendar science-sculpture, and similar slightly older ones also found at the site, must also be regarded and appreciated from an aesthetic point of view, a great artistic achievement in design and execution - and an absolute masterpiece of arrangement and layout.
_The most tantalizing fact of all is that the Tiahuanaco culture has no roots in that area. It did not grow there from humbler beginnings, nor is any other place of origin known. It seems to have appeared practically full-blown suddenly. Only a few "older" monuments, as can be inferred from the "calendrical inscriptions" they bear, have been found, but the difference in time cannot have been very great. The different - much lower - cultures discovered at considerable distances from Tiahuanaco proper, addressed as "Decadent Tiahuacan" or as "Coastal Tiahuanaco," are only very indirectly related to the culture revealed by the Calendar Gate. Some of their painted symbols are somehow somewhat related to the calendar symbols, but they make no sense whatever; they are, if anything, purely ornamental.
_Tiahuanaco apparently remained for only a very short period at its acme of perfection (evidenced by the Calendar Gate) and perished suddenly, perhaps through the cataclysmic happenings connected with the breakdown of the former "moon." We have at present no means of determining when Tiahuanaco rose to supreme height, or when its culture was obliterated, as, naturally, the calendar itself can tell us nothing about that. It will certainly not have been in the historical past but well back in the prehistoric. It must indeed have occurred before the planet Luna was captured as the earth's present moon, about 12,000 years ago. The capture of the satellite and its later fall to the surface on our planet imposed great stresses on the earth. The gravitational pull caused floods and earthquakes until the moon settled into a stable orbit one-fifth of today's distance. Hence the "moon" draws the oceans into a belt or bulge around the equator, drowning the equatorial region but leaving the polar lands high and dry. When the satellite approached within a few thousand miles gravitational forces broke it up; according to the Roche formula each planetoid or asteroid disintegrates when approaching the critical distance of 50 to 60,000 kms. The fragments shattered down on earth; the oceans, released from the satellite's gravity, flowed back toward the continents, exposing tropical lands and submerging polar territories. This is the simple explanation of the Horbiger theory, and it seems to me the most logical one. Thus the approach of the "moon" caused a world-wide deluge, effecting changes of climate and provoking earthquakes accompanied by volcanic eruptions. The "ring" left by the satellite after breaking into fragments caused a sudden drop in temperature of at least 20 degrees, which geologists recognize as "a decline" in temperature: It is evident, for example, in the discovery of frozen mammoths in the Siberian tundra. Possibly gravity - and therefore physical weight - was also changed on earth, and with it biological growth: this would explain the widespread construction of huge megalithic monuments as well as the presence of giants - man and animal - in fossil strata, tombs, and myths.
_According to Horbiger four moons fell on earth, producing four Ice Ages; our present moon, the fifth one, will similarly be drawn into the critical configuration of one-fifth of its present distance (380,000 kms.) and will cause the fifth cataclysm. (Remember the Aztec calendar's prediction of doomsday by earthquake!) The theory of a falling moon has recently been substantiated by Dr. John O'Keefe, a scientist at the Goddard Laboratory for Astronomy in Maryland. Dr. O'Keefe claims that the fragments of a moon's collision formed a ring around our planet that could have kept the sun's rays from penetrating to earth, thus causing world-wide decline of temperatures. After a while the fragments showered down on earth, breaking into smithereens known as tectites. These tectites O'Keefe believes were fragments of the fallen moon, thus proving Horbiger's "World-Ice-Cosmology" The record nevertheless shows that a far-advanced culture made a substantial attempt to plant its society at Tiahuanaco, wanting to revitalize this region which had already been devastated by floods caused by the close satellite. Their attempt eventually miscarried, because they had underestimated certain dangerous developments that ultimately happened contrary to all expectations and calculations. Such world-wide cataclysms appear in myth, in the Egyptian Papyrus Ipuwer ("The sun set where it rose") or the tomb of Senmut (showing Orion-Sirius painted in reverse position), or in the Finnish Kalevala ("the earth turned round like a potter's wheel"), or the Popol Vuh (describing fire showering down from heaven) - all of which indicate that our planet more than once has suffered world-wide catastrophe.
_References The Calendar of Tiahuanaco. London: Faber, 1956. The Moon's Myths and Man. London: Faber. The Idol of Tiahuanaco. London: Faber, 1959. The Atlantis Myth. London: Faber, 1948.

16. Diluvial and Prelunar Culture (Moons, Myths and Man) [Books]
... which is crowded with the ruins of a cyclopean stronghold, certainly of pre-Inca days. Why it should be perched up so high, almost 12 000 feet above sea-level, is not clear; a solution may be found if we regard these remains as dating from the time of the Great Flood, though the very idea is breathtaking. At ____Tiahuanaco, near the southern shore of Lake Titicaca, we find stones weighing up to a hundred tons some of which must have been transported to their present site by water from a quarry on an island about thirty miles away. They were piled into vast edifices, which were, apparently, never completed. At other places, as at

18. The Atlantis Blueprint [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... and the Sphinx - the golden section - When the Sky Fell - other books - misaligned Mesoamerican and Middle East sacred sites - linkage by latitude to the Hudson Bay Pole. Chapter Three: Giza Prime Meridian. 1884 Washington D.C . conference on the Prime Meridian - Charles Piazzi Smyth opts for Giza - conference settles on Greenwich - ____Tiahuanaco 100 degrees west of Giza - 10Phi sacred sites - Lubaantum and the crystal skull - Portuguese bandeiristas in the Amazon - Percy Fawcett's Amazon quest for Atlantean cities - Easter Island, Teotihuacan, Tula, Copan, Quirgua, Lubaantum and Quito on the Giza Prime Meridian - locating Fawcett's Atlantean cities using the blueprint - Canterbury Cathedral on a sacred

19. Ancient Mysteries by Peter James & Nick Thorpe [Journals] [SIS Review]
... and catastrophes; watching the skies; architectural wonders; earth patterns; voyagers and discoveries; legendary history; hoax?; and archaeology and the supernatural. There are several themes which recur throughout. One is that many of those who write popular works about the artefacts at certain ancient sites (e .g . Giza, Great Zimbabwe, ____Tiahuanaco and Nasca) exhibit a form of racism in denying that they could have been produced by the people who live in the vicinity today, preferring, against all the evidence, to see them as the work of European travellers, refugees from Atlantis or even extraterrestrials. Related to that is the way in which alternative researchers' frequently cite

21. Monitor [Journals] [SIS Review]
... High status was indicated by elaborate woven head-dresses incorporating imported feathers; a cane and reed shield had a copper boss with a 6-pointed star. 8 centuries before the rise of the Inca empire the area was dominated by two related cultures: the Huari, skilled road builders and potters, to the north in what is now Peru, and the ____Tiahuanaco who built great temples around Lake Titicaca in Bolivia. Both used the power of religion to control their empires and survived for 400 years from around 600AD. Although the ruins of ____Tiahuanaco led archaeologists to consider it as the only precursor of the later Incan empire, it is now obvious that the Huari were distinct and as influential. ____Tiahuanaco

24. Fire and Ash [Books] [de Grazia books]
... ); but see Shulamit Kogan, ltr. Physics Today (Sept. 1980), 97-8, repr. VI Kronos 3 (1981), 34-41. 23. Worlds in Collision, 92 24. G. Bibby, Looking for Dilmun (N .Y .: Mentor, 1969), 167-9. 25. Arthur Posnansky, ____Tiahuanaco, The Cradle of American Man, (N .Y .: Augustin, 1958). 26. A Life History of Our Earth (London: Faber and Faber, 1951); Built Before the Flood (London: Faber and Faber, 1947), especially on ____Tiahuanacuo. 27. Cf. H.S . Bellamy

26. SIS Internet Digest 2000 Number 2 [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... Earliest Civilisation and the Giza Meridian Graham Phillips: the Search for the Virgin Mary and the Mysterious Origins of Christianity Victor Clube: Scientific Revelations - the Origins of Catastrophe Myths and Legends Andrew Collins: The Truth of the Past - Finding Historical Reality in the Alternative Field of Research Michael Baigent: Origins of the Giza necropolis Neil Steede: From ____Tiahuanaco to the Giza Plateau Michael Cremo: Forbidden Archaeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race Michael Carmichael: Censing the God: Psychoactive Substances in Ancient Egypt Electrically Induced Nuclear Fusion .. 8 Inspiration of Astronomical Phenomena .. 8 Biblical Archaeologist .. 8 Tunguska 2001 Conference .. 8 Robert Temple: The Crystal Sun .. 8

30. Catastrophism and Ancient History. Vol VI No 2 [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... Home Catastrophism and Ancient History Volume VI, Part 2 July 1984 A Journal of Interdisciplinary Study Volume VI, Part 2 July 1984 CONTENTS The Hittite Raid Herbert A. Storck 69 The Scars of Mars, Part I Donald W. Patten 87 The Synchronistic Chronicle- A Critique Lester J. Mitcham 95 Departments Editorial Marvin Arnold Luckerman 67 Theory Workshop ____Tiahuanaco and the Deluge , Helmut Settl 113 Interaction The Sacred Mountain , Charles H. Seitz The Raid that was Not- A Correction , Lester J. Mitcham The Passing of Elijah , James F. Strickling 109 Book Reviews Recent Archaeology in the Land of Israel , Hershel Shanks, Ed. 115 Egypt: Ancient History Tour Letter to the

32. The Tutankhamun Prophecies, and, The Lost Tomb of Viracocha, by Maurice Cotterell (Reviewed) [Journals] [SIS Review]
... I'm not so sure. Seems a bit of a hotch-potch. Undaunted, Cotterell then goes on to unlock the secrets of the Inca' and discover the tombs of Viracocha. Having shown that Tutankhamun and Lord Pacal were one and the same supergod, he unveils two more supergods, the Lords of Sipan' who walked among the Incas and ____Tiahuanacos, teaching them science, spirituality and (of course) the superscience of the sun'. The tomb of Lord Sipan in Peru has a coffin with a lid fixed with 9 copper straps and the coffin corners each had 9 ties. This, it seems, proves that Sipan was a Supergod, because the number 9 also cropped

33. Science Frontiers [Journals] [SIS Review]
... , ant butter, and much more. VOL. B-1. PSYCHOLOGY SERIES Calculating prodigies, automatic writing, memory prodigies, epidemic convulsions, voodoo and rootwork, jumpers of Maine, hysterical stigmatization, placebos, singing idiots, and so on. VOL. P-1. ARCHEOLOGY SERIES Ancient canals, worldwide stone circles, stone rectangles and alignments, ____Tiahuanaco, Zimbabwe, Great Wall of Peru, stone spheres, crystal lenses and ancient batteries, and so on. VOL. M-1 VOL. M-2. SOURCEBOOKS MAY BE OBTAINED THROUGH THE SOURCEBOOK PROJECT, P.O . BOX 107, GLEN ARM, MD 21057, AT $8 .95 EACH (4 FOR $32.00

37. Sinking and Rising Lands [Books] [de Grazia books]
... rift was overthrust by the continent. One may expect to find oceanic basalt or sima beneath Easter Island, which extruded from the rift to pave over the land. Just as in the northwestern United States, the rift extruded lava on top of the land in wave upon wave. Regrettably, judgment cannot yet be passed on the origins of ____Tiahuanaco, in the Bolivian highlands, or upon its related areas of culture in Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. It may well be connected with Polynesian settlements in mid-ocean. The Galapagos Islands, once thought to be an isolated laboratory of plant and animal evolution, now gives up 2000 pieces of pottery and implements of human manufacture, as

39. Victory of The Sun [Books] [de Grazia books]
... . (1943), Built before the Flood, Faber & Faber, London. (1948), The Atlantis Myth, Faber & Faber, London. (1951), A Life History of our Earth, Faber & Faber, London. Bellamy, H. S. & P. Allan (1956), The Calendar of ____Tiahuanaco. Faber & Faber, London. Bender, Barbara (1975), Farming in Prehistory, John Baker, London. Benedict, R. (1935), Zuni Mythology, Contributions to Anthropology No. 21, Columbia University, New York. Bentley, John (1825), A Historical View of the Hindu Astronomy, from

41. Heretics, Dogmatists and Science's Reception of New Ideas (Part 4) [Journals] [Kronos]
... of scarabs, earthquake proof Hebrew dwellings, that all Hebrews crossed the Red Sea safely, grazing collisions, and collective amnesia explaining missing concordances. Sagan's comments about the extreme antiquity of geomagnetic reversals and mountain building were countered with the example of 8th century B.C . Etruscan vases possessing reversed polarity and the conditions attending the present height of ____Tiahuanaco in the Andes. Next to be rebutted were Sagan's remarks about Jupiter's fissioning, the odds against Worlds in Collision, and the stopping and restarting of Earth's rotation. "The scientific basis for Worlds in Collision can be found if one but looks." Selected results from Pioneer Venus, which indicated thermal imbalance and excess Argon-36, were

43. The Origin of Mankind [Books]
... , the natives of Malekula, one of the New Hebrides, the Lengua Indians of Paraguay, the Pima Indians of Arizona, and the Maidu and Acagcheme Indians of California. The third group of myths, referring to the creation out of clay of a greater number of individuals, features in myths like the following. The Indians of the ____Tiahuanaco region in Bolivia had a myth which has been preserved by a Spanish priest of Cuzco, who heard it about a half a century after the conquista. The creator, he was told, made all the tribes of that area out of clay. He gave life and soul to all those he created, but to each tribe separately

46. The Secret of Baalbek (Concluded) [Journals] [Kronos]
... are not the survivals of the original cyclopean structure- that which carried the name Rehob, or Beth-Rehob, and which served as a landmark for the scouts dispatched by Moses in their survey of Canaan, and for the emissaries of the tribe of Dan in their search for the territory in the north. Like Stonehenge in Great Britain, or ____Tiahuanaco in the Andes, it may have originated in an early time- not necessarily neolithic, since it appears that these stones are subjected to hewing by metal tools. * Editors Note: The three massive slabs imbedded in the Baalbek wall received their combined name of trilithon from historians of Byzantine times, but they do not constitute a trilithon

48. Monitor [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... cremation burials. The death of cultures - climate?New Scientist 5.3 .94, p. 13 Adapt to changing climate or die, applies to cultures as much as species, says an archaeologist. Examples of those which didn't adapt and whose culture disappeared include Norse farmers on Greenland, when temperatures plummeted in the 1370s, the ____Tiahuanaco state in the Peruvian Andes when the local climate became drier around 1000 AD, the early Mayan civilization of Yucatan when the climate warmed between 150 BC and 250 AD, and the Bronze Age people of Canaan when their lands dried out around 2200 BC. In the last case it is suggested that the people attributed the change of climate

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MISALIGNMENT
9. Book Shelf [Journals] [Aeon]
... ancient sun dials that give the wrong times for their present latitudes, pyramid faces that have improper slopes and orientations, and desert markings that reflect apparent shiftings of the positions of the Sun, Moon, or the pole star are all utilized in his analyses. Disorientations of the summer solstice in megaliths, such as Stonehenge, and the apparent misalignments of parallel stones in ancient worship centers are reexamined as possible evidence for polar wandering or precession. The effects of glacial melting and geologic uplifts are considered as possible means for the relatively sudden shiftings of oceans that could create catastrophic floods. Alternatives to the near passage of Venus, as proposed by Immanuel Velikovsky, are provided for the causes

12. Graham Hancock [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... is laid out according to a master-plan was proved many years ago by investigators such as John Legon and Robin Cook, who showed conclusively that the ancients placed the three pyramids and other structures at Giza relative to each other according to a design plan based on sacred' geometry. It should also be pointed out that Kate Spence totally ignored the misalignment of the Third Pyramid which, after all, is the main key to the Orion-Giza correlation theory. In the 1994 BBC programme, The Great Pyramid: Gateway to the Stars', Professor Jean Kerisel, one of France's leading structural and civil engineers with many years experience at Giza, showed conclusively that this misalignment was NOT due to

13. Monitor [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... part spider. Artwork shows that they engaged in orgies of human sacrifice and a man depicted in a frieze wearing a 5-point crown is thought to represent the planet Venus, which will come as no surprise to anyone who has read Velikovsky. The civilisation came to an end at a time of flooding and earthquakes and possible climate changes. Knowth Misalignment ( www.mythicalireland.com/ www.mythicalireland.com/ astronomy/starstones) The megalithic structure at Knowth has long been regarded as built along astronomical alignments, but it has now been revealed that its western passage does not point exactly at the autumn equinox sunset; it is 7º out. Phoenician Heritage

14. The Calendar [Journals] [Aeon]
... Ra- who, to judge from their title, were alone worthy to behold the sun face to face- were actively employed from the earliest times in studying the configuration and preparing maps of the heavens." That something else was amiss in these earlier times is well documented by the alignment- or, to be more correct, the misalignment- of temples. In a thought-provoking article, Raphael G. Kazmann, limiting his discussion to the orientation of equinoctial temples, asks: "How accurate was the orientation?" He then makes the following very pertinent comment. "We must remember that there was no particular need for haste in laying out a new temple, nor

16. Towards an astronomical dating of the pyramids [Journals] [SIS Review]
... more like 4500-5000 ft. according to the apparent scale of the plan as a whole, as developed below. There is incidentally also another example of a too close' spacing, which will be referred to again below (the distance between Giza and Zawyet el-Aryan). There seems little doubt, therefore, that there must have been some misalignment of the pyramids in practice, though not sufficient to justify outright rejection of the Bauval/Gilbert hypothesis, especially as it appears very questionable whether the Egyptian astronomers possessed anything approaching the instrumentation which they would need for making accurate measurement of angles in the sky. In passing, it should be mentioned that there is a potential alternative explanation

18. The Aubrey Holes Of Stonehenge [Journals] [Kronos]
... .) I have cited these impressive examples of accuracy of measurements and alignments as evidence that the architects and engineers who built the structure were highly skilled and expert in their work. From these evidences we can therefore assume that if the Heel Stone was originally set up as the foresight in a celestial alignment, the Stonehenge builders would not have misaligned it to any appreciable degree. An important aspect of sunrise must be pointed out here, and that is that the sun climbs obliquely southward as it rises, and that its appearance above the horizon can be said to take place in three distinct phases: 1. Upper limb tangent to horizon. 2. Sun bisected by horizon.

23. Cosmological Considerations (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 2 Cosmological Considerations At this point it may be well worth while to interrupt our investigation into the problems of the Inter-Andean Altiplano, and of the riddle of ____Tiahuanaco, in order to get as clear a conception as possible of the tidal phenomenon postulated at the end of the first chapter and of its causation. Our Earth is

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BELLAMY & ALLAN
22. Book Reviews [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... have been written in ignorance of Velikovsky's work, nevertheless it includes a number of insights which should prove of interest to contemporary Catastrophists'. Denis Saurat begins by accepting the Atlantis story as now scientifically credible although he favours the idea of two tiers to the Atlantis story. The first one was the highly developed civilisation of the Andes centering around ____Tiahuanaco at about 13,000 ft. above the present level of the Pacific Ocean. H. S. Bellamy's Tertiary Moon' made this possible by spiralling in close to the earth and raising a bulge tide around the centre of the earth. He gives as evidence for this a line of sediment in the Andes which can be followed

31. Conclusion (Moons, Myths and Man) [Books]
... will find much interesting material in the following books by the author: The Book of Revelation is History: discussing apocalyptic mythology. In the Beginning God: dealing with the mythological subject matter of Genesis – Creation, the Deluge, Arks, etc. Built Before the Flood: describing the cultural achievements of pre-diluvial man in the Andean city of ____Tiahuanaco. The Atlantis Myth: a full discussion of Plato's great story. The author of this book wishes to express here his thanks to the trustees of the Hoerbiger Institute in Vienna, for the generous use of its library and archives, and especially to its scientific directors, Mr. E. Pigal and Dr. M. Reiffenstein.

COSMIC MISSILES - TIAHUANACO
(After, Not Before, the Flood, But Before the Younger Dryas Event)
24. The End of a World (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents |
_Preface
_The Inter-Andean Altiplano
_Cosmological Considerations
_An Ancient Refuge of Man
_The Rise of a New Culture
_The Enigma of Tiahuanaco
_The Mightiest Stones in the World
_The Problems of the Slanting Strandline
_The Selection of the Site
_The End of a World
_The Calendar of Kalasasaya
_Postscript 9
_The End of a World
_Tiahuanaco grew in size, splendour, and power as generation after generation passed. Its edifices were conceived with a magnificent sweep of imagination. The materials of which they were built were worked with exacting precision and adorned with leisurely skill. The arts flourished and the sciences throve. They found their refuge, which were, so to speak, situated in the lee. For reasons which cannot be discussed here, most of the Satellite's wreckage fell on the African hemisphere of the Earth and much of it into the great girdle-tide. But quite a few blocks must have hit the Asylum, and some seem to have fallen into the Inter-Andean Sea. For some huge blocks of hitherto unidentified rock are found sticking in the practically absolute plain of alluvial soil' of the Inter-Andean Meseta. They have been described as blocks of conglomerate' and are believed to have been carried into the Meseta by glaciers, but they are quite un-Andean in type, and appear, moreover to be partly ____vitrified on the outside. This latter fact is by some attributed to igneous' or volcanic' action, though the nearest volcanoes (now extinct) are scores of miles distant. We may, with much more likelihood, regard them as cosmic missiles, blocks of material from the topmost crust of the former Satellite's mineral body which had plunged into the waters of the girdle-tide, sunk to the bottom, and settled in the mud there. After this cosmic uproar had been going on for some time an amazing thing happened: The Sea began to sink. For, the Satellite's pull gone, the tropical water-belt of the girdle-tide ebbed off north and south in terrific ring-waves. Also the waters of the Inter-Andean Sea, whose peculiar level was not the result of geophysical reasons but the consequence of the Satellite's gravitational pull, became redistributed. They sank in the north and rose in the south of the Altiplano. In the north of the Meseta, Lake Titicaca soon came into existence with practically its present extent and general aspect. In the south of the Asylum, on the other hand, even more land was temporarily submerged through this redistribution of the waters, and a vast Poopo-Coipasa-Uyuni-Sea was formed. The levels of this new Post-Diluvial Inter-Andean Sea, and Lake Titicaca, were straight', that is, they followed the geoidal curvature of the globe only. The two sheets of water were connected by the Desaguadero, which, for a considerable time, still carried much more water than it does now. (Cf. the Map) With the end of the girdle-tide, the Andean Refuge rose' out of the waters and expanded into a wide continent. The same thing happened to all other tropical Asylums in the world. But the joy of the survivors about the gaining of vast new life-space was only short-lived: For they suddenly felt with terror that the atmosphere became thin and icy.3 The tropical warm air-tide', too, had flowed off, and their Asylum, in the latitude of Tiahuanaco, had risen' at least 16 000 feet' above sea-level. The only salvation now lay in speedy flight. In a world which writhed under the earthquakes caused by the breakdown cataclysm, and which was terribly lighted by the pillars of flame belching from the furiously active volcanoes, the survivors descended, gasping for air, numbed with cold, as quickly as possible to the lower outer slopes of the Andes. They followed the path whither the waters had gone. It led into a waste-land, but one which was soon to become another tropical paradise. It was in this period of emigration that remnants of the formal elements of the Tiahuanaco culture reached the lower lying territories and the Pacific coast. Chiefly the style of pottery, that most easily transplanted domestic craft, found its way out of the Tiahuanaco Asylum, lingered on for a while, and finally died when new cultural impulses were created by the new natural and national surroundings, and all the manifold changes that these brought about. The new Post-Diluvian Inter-Andean Sea which filled the southern part of the Inter-Andean Altiplano did not leave a strandline, because its level sank too quickly and progressively.4 First of all, most of the water which had surged into the Inter-Andean Basin when breakers of the girdle-tide leaped over parts of the mountain-walls of the Asylum and cascades of water raced in through the defiles of La Paz, Ascotan, and Uyuni, poured out again through these gaps when the Satellite was no more. Terrific deluge spates cascaded down into the lower-lying lands in the east and west which had just emerged out of the receding waters of the ebbing girdle-tide. The surplus waters of the Inter-Andean Sea of the Highest Level surged between the mountain-range which culminates in the Illimani and the Cordillera de Arbca down the narrow gorges of La Paz, into the Upper Amazon (Beni and Madeira) region, and eventually out into the newly formed Atlantic Ocean'. East of Uyuni, between the Cordillera de Chicas and the Cordillera de Chocaya, the waters poured down into the Upper Parana (Pilcomayo, Bermejo, and Paraguay) region, and thus also finally into the Atlantic'. And in the south-west of the Inter-Andean Basin the waters raced through the narrow defile of Ascotan, which was more than a hundred miles long, almost directly down into the newly formed Pacific'. (Cf. the Map and Diagram 8) These deluge spates, cascading down from the heights of the Andes, must have been terrific. Let us for a moment consider the work done by that which raced through the La Paz gap and washed

1. The Calendar of ____Tiahuanaco By H.S. Bellamy and P. Allan [Books]
_Text to be formatted | Images to be added [ CD-Rom Home ]
_The Calendar of ____Tiahuanaco A Disquisition on the Time Measuring System of the Oldest Civilization in the World By H.S . Bellamy and P. Allan
_Contents 1. Introduction
_2. The Symbology of the Calendar of ____Tiahuanaco
_FIRST GROUP: Symbols First Series: Satellitic Symbols Second Series: Solar Symbols
_SECOND GROUP: Signs, Elements, and Steps First Series: Signs Second Series: Elements Third Series: Steps
_THIRD GROUP: Features
_FOURTH GROUP: Remainders Conspectuses of the Symbology
_3. The Brackets of the Symbols
_4. Chronological Evaluation of the Calendar of ____Tiahuanaco The Twenty-Four Day Cycle
_5. The Evaluation of the

2. The Mightiest Stones in the World (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents |
_Preface
_The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations
_An Ancient Refuge of Man
_The Rise of a New Culture
_The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco
_The Mightiest Stones in the World
_The Problems of the Slanting Strandline
_The Selection of the Site
_The End of a World
_The Calendar of Kalasasaya
_Postscript 6
_The Mightiest Stones in the World
_The style of the Second Culture Period of ____Tiahuanaco is megalithic', but not cyclopean'. Though its history of evolution is quite unknown, it does not seem to be descended directly from cromlech-like or dolmen-like primitive stone pilings, those first steps of prehistoric man towards architecture. The tendency

3. The Calendar of Kalasasaya (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents |
_Preface
_The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 10
_The Calendar of Kalasasaya
_The assertion that the slanting strandline upon which the enigmatic ruins of ____Tiahuanaco are situated was formed in the time before the breakdown of the predecessor of our present Moon sounds so extravagant that the reasoning mind refuses to accept it. For if this assertion is allowed, the Andinian Metropolis must be hundreds of thousands of years old, certainly not less than a quarter of a million! For the archaeologist who avoids exceeding about 5000 BC in his dating of early human achievements, for the anthropologist who conceives Man to have been a shambling brute a hundred thousand years ago, and for the geologist who fears that we want to carry catastrophistic revolution into his quietistic realm, our idea must be staggering. In defending ourselves against the accusation that we are mere idle romancers, if not worse, we must seek to support our argument not with any trend of reasoning taken from Hoerbiger's Theory of Satellites, although, of course (which is legitimate), we must retain this as our ultimate working hypothetical basis. We must support it instead with something which is taken from the culture-circle of the lost city itself. We must seek our witness, so to speak, among the Tiahuanacans. By chance so rare as almost to make us wonder if it be chance, or if it be the design of a higher Entity, we can cite an unimpeachable witness of distinct and insistent speech - a Calendar'. Upon the ruin-field of Tiahuanaco, half buried in hardened grey mud, riven but resolute by dint of its mass, there was found the great Gateway which probably led originally to the Sanctissimum of the Sun Temple of Kalasasaya. This pylon is not only a triumph of megalithic architecture, being hewn out of one block of almost glass-hard andesite, about 10 feet high, 122 feet wide, 12 feet thick, and weighing about ten tons,1 it is also a marvel of sculpture, for the upper part of the front of this massive portal is encrusted with stupendously rich and beautifully executed carvings, while its back is adorned with well-balanced niches and escalinated cornices.2 (Cf. Diagrams 9 and 10)
_Problems of Calendar Making and Calendar Interpretation.
_Almost from the day of their first being mentioned, the glyphs on the temple gateway have been regarded not merely as ornamental, but as ideographic: in fact, as constituting a Calendar, but all attempts to decipher it, all endeavours to make it speak and give up its secret, have hitherto been in vain. Not even the most eminent and resourceful specialists in chronography were able to coax details as to date and method of notation out of the plastic symbolism of the reticent stone calendar of Tiahuanaco. All that the analysis of the calendar sculpture yielded is that the Calendar of Tiahuanaco is a mere counting calendar'; that, hence, it does not reveal the time basis' on which, or the zero year' in which, it was established; that it does not record any definite date' whatsoever; and that its symbolism cannot be used for the expression of dates. From the form of the Calendar follows that the year of the Tiahuanacans shows twelve subdivisions, or months', if we employ the nomenclature of our own time - charts; that the beginning of the year is distinctly designated; that the equinoxes are unmistakably shown; and that the solstices are most characteristically marked. From these latter points it follows, finally, that the year of the Tiahuanacans shown on the Calendar of Kalasasaya was a Solar Year.

4. The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 5 The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco According to Garcilasso de la Vega, its meaning, which smacks strongly of popular etymology, is something like the place where the guanaco, the wild llama, rests' (tiay-huanaco: sit, guanaco) - In the Quichua language a word Ti-ahua-nako would mean Divine Island' (literally: Divine

6. Built Before the Flood [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Text to be formatted | Images to be added [ CD-Rom Home ] Built Before the Flood The Problem of the ____Tiahuanaco Ruins H. S. Bellamy July mcmxxxvi First published in Mcmxliii (1943) by Faber and Faber Limited 24 Russell Square London W.C .1 Second revised and augmented edition mcmxlix Printed in Great Britain by R. MacLehose and Company Ltd All rights reserved Built Before the Flood The Problem of the ____Tiahuanaco Ruins By H. S. Bellamy CONTENTS Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest

7. The Rise of a New Culture (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 4 The Rise of a New Culture Though the curtain had fallen on the First Period of the Andinian Culture, the stage was set fora new act. After its great precessional swing southward the axis of the girdle-tide had probably moved northward again in a compensatory oscillation, and for a very long spell of time any subsequent axial

8. The Problems of the Slanting Strandline (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 7 The Problems of the Slanting Strandline Perhaps the greatest and most puzzling discovery which was made in connexion with ____Tiahuanaco was that at the time when the buildings of the so-called Second Period' were erected, the prehistoric metropolis was not a city sprawling upon a gentle rise in a wide valley but one situated on the shore in

9. The Selection of the Site (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 8 The Selection of the Site 0ne of the greatest enigmas, for which orthodox science has not been able hitherto to give a satisfactory explanation, is the choice of the locality in which ____Tiahuanaco is situated. The problem is really a two-fold one: Why was ____Tiahuanaco built in that region? And why was its site just

10. The End of a World (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 9 The End of a World ____Tiahuanaeo grew in size, splendour, and power as generation after generation passed. Its edifices were conceived with a magnificent sweep of imagination. The materials of which they were built were worked with exacting precision and adorned with leisurely skill. The arts flourished and the sciences throve. They found their

11. Postscript, Bibliography (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript Postscript Because of this almost universal lack of sustained interest, ____Tiahuanaco is probably the most mangled and most ruthlessly pilfered site known to archaeology. The large-scale destruction of the remains by speculating builders from the time of the Conquista to the time of the construction of the La Paz-Guaqui railway has been followed recently by the no less vandalistic

14. An Ancient Refuge of Man (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 3 An Ancient Refuge of Man To return to our main subject: Andinia' i.e . the great Bolivian Altiplano and the mountainous regions of Bolivia, Peru, Chile, and the Argentine which surround it was one of the refuges, or asylums, of Mankind at the time of the great girdle-tide.1 Because of

13. Hans Schindler Bellamy info wanted [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... . [1 ] The Atlantis Myth. [With maps.], pp. 168. Faber & Faber: London, 1948. 8o. [2 ] The Book of Revelation is History, pp. 204. Faber & Faber: London, 1942. 8o. [3 ] Built before the Flood. The problem of the ____Tiahuanaco ruins. [With diagrams.], pp. 144. Faber & Faber: London, 1943. 8o. [4 ] Built Before the Flood, etc. (Second edition.) [With plates.], pp. 192. Faber & Faber: London, 1947. 8o. [5 ] In the Beginning

17. The Inter-Andean Altiplano (Built Before the Flood) [Books]
_From: Built Before the Flood by H. S. Bellamy CD Home | Contents Contents | Preface The Inter-Andean Altiplano Cosmological Considerations An Ancient Refuge of Man The Rise of a New Culture The Enigma of ____Tiahuanaco The Mightiest Stones in the World The Problems of the Slanting Strandline The Selection of the Site The End of a World The Calendar of Kalasasaya Postscript 1 The Inter-Andean Altiplano In the heart of the Andes, surrounded by lofty mountain chains, there is situated, at an average height of 12,300 feet above sea-level, the most elevated lacustrine basin in the world: the Altiplano, or Meseta, of Bolivia. There at one time, in the dim past,

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PREHISTORIC BRITAIN

BELLAMY & ALLAN
27. The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain [Books]
... The Red-haired Race The Tribe Of Gad Sidelights On "Atlantis" Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld The Hellenic Hades Where Phaeton Fell Egypt's Hidden Terror The Real Amenta The Secret Of Iona Conclusion LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Magdalenian Prehistoric Cave Paintings from the Dordogne Cromlech at Lanyon, Penzance The Monolithic Gateway at ____Tiahauanaco The Melcarth Tablet and Winged Acolytes at ____Tiahuanaco The Elgin Stone Avebury Temple: The Great Circle The Golspiestone The Cheesewring Idol, Cornwall Bowerman's Nose, Dartmoor The Hermes of Praxiteles The Brodiestone The Logie Stone Raised Beaches in Glen Roy Entrance to Fingal's Cave, Staffa An Apolloin Mexico The Lion of Gad, the Scottish and Norwegian Lions Pergamane Relief of the War of the Gods and Giants

1. The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain [Books]
... Text to be formatted | Images to be added [ CD-Rom Home ] The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont With 21 Illustrations and 2 Maps Books by the same Author. The Mysterious Comet A Rebel In Fleet Street The Riddle Of The Earth (As Appian Way) The Private Life of The Virgin Queen (To appear shortly) RIDER & CO. LONDON :: NEW YORK :: MELBOURNE :: SYDNEY 1945 Printed In Great Britain, At The Anchor Press, Tiptree, Essex The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain By Comyns Beaumont CONTENTS Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter The Catastrophe In The Nort h The Era Of Giants The Cimmerians And Phaeton Where The Comet Fell The

2. The Catastrophe In The North Part I Ch.I (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter I The Catastrophe In The North "Surtur from the South wends With seething fire, The falchion of the Mighty One, A sunlight flameth. Mountains together dash, Giants headlong rush, Men tread the paths to Hell, And Heaven is rent in twain." THE VOLUSPA. The British Isles and Scandinavia admittedly comprise one of the oldest land surfaces of the world, and, as there is reason to believe from archaeological and other evidence, one of the first inhabited by primeval man. They form part of an ancient continental surface, the Old Redstone,

3. Conclusion Part 3 (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Conclusion WITH the claim to the identification of Iona as the true birthplace of the Delian Apollo and all this portends, as well as its relation, including Staffa and Mull, to the Underworld cult of Osiris, Horus, and the Judgment Hall of Amenta, I must terminate this research into Britain's antiquities so far as this volume is concerned. I may venture to observe, however, that herein I have been able to do little more than reach the threshold of a subject imponderable and vast. A dozen volumes might be written without exhausting this theme.

4. The Stone-Worshippers Part I Ch.VI (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter VI The Stone-Worshippers "It is probable that it was the Megalithic people belonging to the Early Bronze Age who built Stonehenge, Avebury and Stanton Drew, and tribes who could use such immense monuments must have developed corporate life to a considerable extent." D. P. D0BS0N. The sacredness of great stones of certain composition was taught by the Druids and other teachers among the early races, based on a profound understanding of the natural laws that govern the universe, and it makes no difference to this profundity, in fact it led to gross abuses. The

5. The Secret Chambers Part I Ch.VII (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter VII The Secret Chambers "Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, but to weigh and consider. . . . Histories make men wise." FRANCIS BACON. WHAT was the relationship between these stone-worshippers and the Egyptians? There are somewhat strange clues which have not received the attention they deserve, one being that archaeology is slowly beginning to recognize that the origins of the land of the Pharaohs must be sought rather in the West than in the East. One interesting indication concerns the Egyptian rock-cut tumuli, with their various compartments

6. The Hellenic Hades Part 3 Ch.I (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Chapter I The Hellenic Hades "It is clear that in very primitive ages the cultured nations of the Mediterranean regarded our islands with peculiar reverence and fear. The entrance to Hades lay in these seas, and here apparently Charon ferried the departed souls across the River of Death. The curious basaltic columns of Ulster and the Western Isles, and the awe-inspiring portals of Fingal's Cave, probably had something to do with these extraordinary notions, but it is certain that such stories were common gossip in the time of Homer, and that they were sufficiently credited after the

7. Where Phaeton Fell Part 3 Ch.II (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Chapter II Where Phaeton Fell "I have not sought nor do I seek to ensnare men's judgments, but I lead them to things themselves, and to the concordances of things, that they may see for themselves." FRANCIS BACON: The Great Instauration. In the Severn area, in Somerset, and, indeed, in the coal areas of the south-west, there remains an accumulation of traces of this same Underworld cult which we have seen to be so prominent in the north-west. In many respects Glastonbury, the ancient Avalon, seems to have been

8. The Red-haired Race Part 2 Ch.II (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Two: The Ante-diluvians Chapter II The Red-haired Race "They were the boldest masters, the greatest colonizers, who could boast of a form of government approaching to constitutionalism, who of all nations of the time stood highest in practical arts and sciences and into whose lap there flowed an unceasing stream of the world's greatest riches, until the day came when they began to care for nothing else, and the enjoyment of material comforts and luxuries took the place of the thirst for knowledge." CANON GEORGE RAWLINSON on The Phoenicians. THE Ethiopians enter early upon the scene of prehistoric civilization, and are

9. Hermes, The Druid God Part I Ch.VIII (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter VIII Hermes, The Druid God . . . But ere I reached The Palace of the sorceress, a God Met me, the bearer of the golden wand, Hermes. he seemed a stripling in his prime, His cheeks cloath'd only with their earliest down, For youth is then most graceful." -Ody., x, 336-344. To understand the past as it really was and not as so many historians would assume it to have been, we must realize the extraordinary influence and power possessed by the god Hermes and why. He is a vital

10. Egypt's Hidden Terror Part 3 Ch.III (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Chapter III Egypt's Hidden Terror "0 Egypt! Egypt! fables alone of thy religion will survive, equally incomprehensible to thy descendants; and words cut into stone will alone remain telling of thy pious deeds ApuIeus: Dialogus Hermetis Tresmegista. Ths ancient civilization of the land we call Egypt has been pronounced by archaeologists as flawless of its type from the very first. It reveals none of the painful steps from primeval beginnings passing through the Palaeolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Ages to that of Iron. It apparently burst upon the scene in exotic radiance, its perfected

11. The Secret Of Iona Part 3 Ch.V (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Chapter V The Secret Of Iona "Phoebus, where'er thou strayest far or near, Delos of all thy haunts was still most dear." HOMER Hymn to Apollo. APOLLO was especially the deity beloved of the Ionians, the most cultured and artistic of all the Greeks. The elegance and refinement that was Greek was in origin Ionian, its most brilliant facet reflected in the Ionian cult of Apollo, it having been said with truth that through his worship the brightest side of the Hellenic mind was reflected. Yet with all this the ethnology of the Ionians

12. The Era Of Giants Part I Ch.II (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter II The Era Of Giants "The fundamental rule of science, whether in history or elsewhere, is not what has been believed but what is true." Sir F. Palgrave: The New Commonwealth. THE era of Giants is the theme of many legends and myths. There were, for example, the Fo'Mori, already mentioned as being in Ireland before the Flood, depicted as an ungainly, mis-shapen, and violent race of ogres, whose last king, named Balor, of the Evil Eye, slew his enemies with a flash of his fiery orb

13. Sidelights On "atlantis" Part 2 Ch.IV (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Two: The Ante-diluvians Chapter IV Sidelights On "atlantis"" The Greeks have no history upon which they can depend antecedent to the Olympiads. They have no written evidence of any antiquity relating to themselves or other nations." -JUSTYN MARTYR. PLATO represents the islands of Atlantis as highly civilized, possessing arts and crafts, ships and merchandise, and inhabited by the aboriginal race of men descended from the god Poseidon. In course of time corruption and tyranny led to the destruction of this godlike race. A great war ensued which lasted many years, the island being invaded by immense armies of

14. The Astronomical Doctrine Of Hermes Part I Ch.IX (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter IX The Astronomical Doctrine Of Hermes "Without chronology we should obtain no history even from the most varied literature; the Indians especially give us a most striking proof of this. But a chronology which is well arranged and established must always proceed from astronomy." DR. RICHARD LEPSIUS. HERMES was credited with the invention of astronomy, and, it was said, "mapped out the heavens", which really signified that the seers and sages among the Druids discovered the true movements of the earth, devised the Solar Ecliptic, designed the zodiac of the twelve

15. The Flood In Scotland Part 2 Ch.I (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Two: The Ante-diluvians Chapter I The Flood In Scotland The study of antiquity is the study of ancient history; and the proper business of an antiquary is to collect what is dispersed, to examine controverted points, to settle what is doubtful, and by the authority of monuments and histories to throw light upon the manners, art, Ianguage, policy and religion of past ages." BORLASE in Antiquities of Cornwall. THERE is an extraordinary account of the Flood, preserved by the Hellenes as the Deluge of Deucalion, in the first book of the history of Diodorus Siculus, that prolific and

16. The Cimmerians and Phaeton Part I Ch.III (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter III The Cimmerians and Phaeton "The real past is a book sealed with seven seals." DEAN W. R. lNGE, D.D . FAR too little has been written of the Cimmerians, although they are one of the most interesting and certainly most important peoples of past history, largely the teachers of mankind. The reason why they are so little known and understood is mainly due to the neglect of prehistory especially in its relation to the north. Jordanis, the Gothic historian, described the North as the "forge of mankind", a

17. The Refugees Part I Ch.V (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter V The Refugees "Archaeology is not one of the exact sciences." DR. MILLAR BURROWS. FOR some reason at a prehistoric date the Dordogne region of France became the centre of attraction to a number of tribes, who were probably drawn by the presence of many great limestone caves in a latitude not far from the sea in the west and in a warm and sunny area. Archaeologists have labelled them with various names according to the locality they inhabited, which include the Cro-Magnon (from les Eyzies on the Visdre); Aurignacians (from the sepulchral grotto

18. Where The Comet Fell Part I Ch.IV (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part One: Britain's Great Antiquity Chapter IV Where The Comet Fell "We must remember that this extinction (of the rhinoceros in Siberia) took place in comparatively recent times and that the animal disappeared from North Asia long after the appearance of man on the earth. . . . We are face to face with a mystery and it is clear the extinction of the rhinoceros all over Siberia must have been brought about by some unusual and tremendous cataclysm accompanied by an extraordinary change in climate.. . . Thus perished the Siberian rhinoceros overwhelmed by a catastrophe both sudden and tremendous." REV. D

19. The Tribe Of Gad Part 2 Ch.III (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Two: The Ante-diluvians Chapter III The Tribe Of Gad "So shall the king of Assyria lead away the Mizraimites prisoners, and the Cushites captives, young and old, naked and barefoot, even with their buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Mizraim. "And they shall be afraid and ashamed of Cush their expectation, and of Mizraim their glory. "And the inhabitant of this isle shall say in that day, Behold, such is our expectation .. . and how shall we escape?" -ISA. xx Cush was the eldest son of Ham, and although we hear less

20. The Real Amenta Part 3 Ch.IV (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... From: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont CD Home | Contents Part Three: The Cult Of The Underworld Chapter IV The Real Amenta "St. Columba bearded the ancient faith in its stronghold and raised the primitive Christian island of Iona where of old the pagan circle had stood." SIR DANIEL WILSON. THE insignificant and rocky little island of Iona, separated from Mull by a narrow strait, was a site of great importance and sanctity for ages before St. Columba and his disciples from Ireland ever set foot in it. The reasons which inspired the Saint to select Iona as the heart of his missionary efforts, in preference to other isles more conveniently placed

21. William Comyns Beaumont: Britain's most eccentric and least known Cosmic Heretic [Journals] [SIS Review]
... was in Palestine, the books [by Beaumont], published in England and dealing with matters of interest to the Near East, made an appearance in the bookstores and were seen by V. ' [12]. According to de Grazia, Beaumont's early books were not held by Columbia University Libraries and only Beaumont's third book, The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (published in 1946), appeared in the Columbia University library catalogues and By this time, Worlds in Collision had been written'. However, according to de Grazia, a note exists in Velikovsky's archive which mentions having read Beaumont's 1932 book The Mysterious Comet but the note dismisses the work, Yet V. expresses

22. Letters [Journals] [SIS Review]
... century BC, a contemporary of Persian kings such as Cyrus. He may even have been a contemporary of the Biblical historiographer. In addition, the name of the god Shalman was discovered in LB age strata and a Temple to him stood in Jerusalem during the reign of Hatshepsut. Phillip Clapham, Haslemere, High Wycombe, Bucks. The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain It was disappointing to find such a lack of interest in the Oera Linda book, particularly in what appear to be parallels in the account to Jurgen Spanuth's hypothesis presented in At/antis of the North [Sidgwick and Jackson 1976]. So be it. The letter by Eric Cooley in C&CR 1999:

23. New Fashions in Catastrophism [Books] [de Grazia books]
... was originally located in Edinburgh; this plunged him into obscurity, even among catastrophists ! Stephanos resurrected Beaumont, located what was left of his materials, and formed a committee to promote his work. He prepared a list of his ideas, culled from Riddle of the Earth (1925), The Mysterious Comet (1932), and The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (1946); he sent them to Deg who verified the list. Beaumont, on evidence not at all execrable, positioned Atlantis on the British platform and accepted what the Egyptian priests told Solon, that their ancestors had been at battle with his Athenian forebears when the great Island sank amidst frightful tumult. Here were

24. Catastrophism! CD: Your help needed [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... , and you'll earn a free Catastrophism! CD. Catastrophism and Ancient History (up to 24 issues+ 3 Proceedings) (2 point each issue) Catastrophist Geology (up to 6 issues) (2 point each) Chaldean Account of Genesis by George Smith (10 points) Riddles of the Earth by Comyns Beaumont (Appian Way) Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Beaumont (10 points) The Mysterious Comet by Beaumont (10 points) Paradise Found, The Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole by William F Warren (10 points) Bombarded Earth by Rene Gallant (10 points) The Migration of Symbols and Their Relations to Beliefs and Customs by Donald A Mackenzie

25. Proof readers wanted: earn a free Catastrophism! CD-Rom [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... 20 points earned from proof reading the publications below. Catastrophism and Ancient History (up to 24 issues+ 3 Proceedings) (2 point each issue) Catastrophist Geology (up to 6 issues) (2 point each) Chaldean Account of Genesis by George Smith (10 points) Riddles of the Earth by Comyns Beaumont (Appian Way) Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont (10 points) The Mysterious Comet by Comyns Beaumont (10 points) Pre-history and Earth Models by Melvin Cook (10 points) Scientific Prehistory by Melvin Cook (10 points) Paradise Found, The Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole by William F Warren (10 points) Proceedings of

26. Catastrophism! Man, Myth and Mayhem in Ancient History and the Sciences
... (1851) Star-Names & their Meanings (1899) The Sibylline Oracles The Swastika (1894) Writings of Isaac Newton Veil Velikovsky and his Critics (1978) Velikovsky's Sources (1981) Immanuel Velikovsky's Jewish Science (1977) .. . by Comyns Beaumont: The Riddle of the Earth (1925) The Mysterious Comet (1932) The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (1945) .. . by H. S. Bellamy: Moons, Myths and Man (1936) Book of Revelation is History (1942) Built Before the Flood (1943) In the Beginning: God (1945) The Atlantis Myth (1948) A Life History of Our Earth (1951) .

27. Proof readers wanted: earn a free Catastrophism! CD-Rom [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... 20 points earned from proof reading the publications below. Catastrophism and Ancient History (up to 24 issues+ 3 Proceedings) (2 point each issue) Catastrophist Geology (up to 6 issues) (2 point each) Chaldean Account of Genesis by George Smith (10 points) Riddles of the Earth by Comyns Beaumont (Appian Way) Riddle of Prehistoric Britain by Comyns Beaumont (10 points) The Mysterious Comet by Comyns Beaumont (10 points) Pre-history and Earth Models by Melvin Cook (10 points) Paradise Found, The Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole by William F Warren (10 points) Proceedings of the Symposium Held at the Saidye Bronfman Centre Monteal

28. The Oera Linda Book Again [Journals] [SIS Review]
... it, erroneously according to Brierley, between the north of Britain and Greenland'. Zeno's Map of the North', in Hapgood's Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings, shows an island, Frisland, in a similar position north west of Scotland. May I bring to the attention of SIS members a little known book, Comyns Beaumont's The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (published by Rider & Co, 1946)? The thrust of this volume, which merits a close study, is that it envisages an entirely new outlook on the past history of the world in which the British Isles emerge as the predominant influence'. Beaumont believed that the Atlantic and not the Mediterranean was the

29. Binkley Publishing Co [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... /index.html A good source of rare reprints is available from Binkley Publishing Co., P.O . Box 1871, Arvada, CO 80001-1871. USA Email: nalybi@entertain.com. Examples include: Baldwin, John D.: Ancient America in Notes on American Archaeology (1872). Beaumont, Comyns: The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain. Blavatsky, H.P : Isis Unveiled, Two Volume Set; Secret Doctrine. Budge, E.A : Babylonian Story of the Deluge and the Epic of Gilgamish Churchward, Albert: Signs and Symbols of Primordial Man. D'Alviella, Count Goblet: the Migration of Symbols (1894). Deane, John

30. Charting Imaginary Worlds: Pole Shifts, Ice Sheets, and Ancient Sea Kings [Journals] [Aeon]
... fantasy, J. R. R. Tolkien "always had working maps at his side while writing." See, P. Quinones, "Mapmakers of the Marvelous: There and Back Again in Fantasy Worlds," Mercator's World 2:1 (January-February 1997), pp. 44-50. [6 ] C. Beaumont, The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (1946); idem, Britain- The Key to World History (1949). [7 ] See here, A. Wall, "Ancient Greeks in America," AEON V:2 (April 1998), pp. 63 ff. Ed. [8 ] A. H. Mallery & M

31. Atlantis [Journals] [Pensee]
... 40-43. 4. J. Imbelloni and A. Vivante, Le livre des Atlantides (Paris: 1942), p. 36; O. Rudbeck, Atlantica, sive Manheim very Japhete posterorum sedes ac patria (Uppsala: 1675). De Gamboa was evidently the first to advance this idea. 5. C. Beaumont, The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (New York: Rider & Co., 1946), p. 133. 6. I. Velikovsky, Worlds in Collision (New York: Doubleday, 1950), P. 147; also see G. Kubler, The Shape of Time (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967), pp

32. The Lord Of Light [Journals] [Aeon]
... also a curious reference in the Scandinavian Voluspa to a certain Surtur. The Voluspa "affects to describe how, related to Surtur [apparently some celestial body]- an obscure term alluded to elsewhere as the Mighty One'- there flashed a flame with the power of sunlight and the grim results." See C. Beaumont, The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain (London, 1946), p. 12; see also V. Mallet, Northern Antiquities (London, 1940), pp. 483-484. 106. E.A .W . Budge, Osiris and the Egyptian Resurrection (N .Y ., 1961), I, pp. 25-27. 107.