8.12 Jupiter

Q: Jupiter took over Saturn system after Saturn departed. When did Mars, Jupiter and Venus depart?

>>>JUPITER SUMER

5. The Olympian Rulers [Books] [de Grazia books]
... the flood break in, then the judgement of Earth and Heaven went out of joint.... The gods, which trembled, the stars of heaven-their position changed, and I did not bring them back."[ ... on the Persian Gulf, the Indus Valley proto-Indian towns, Tepe Yahya in Iran, the Olmec culture of Meso-America Sumer, and Minoan Crete. These represent discoveries of social systems which certainly existed throughout the habitable world. The physical ... From: Chaos and Creation, by Alfred De Grazia Home | Issue Contents CHAPTER NINE The Olympian Rulers "When Jupiter was first born, he defeated Saturn and the Sun by his brilliance," reports the Taitiriya Brahmanna [1

2. Jupiter -- God of Abraham (Part I) [Journals] [Kronos]
... that legend connects Abram with the building of the Tower of Babel in the valley of Shinar,(7 ) which is assumed by most scholars to be the land of Sumer (later Babylonia).(8 ) Abram is also connected by legend with Nimrod,(9 ) a name that is purely Babylonian.(10) Cyrus ... From: Kronos Vol. VII No. 1 (Fall 1981) Home | Issue Contents Jupiter- God of Abraham (Part I)Dwardu Cardona Copyright (C ) 1981 by Dwardu Cardona 1. Introduction Immanuel Velikovsky has attributed the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah to a close encounter of Earth with the planet Jupiter.(1 )

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>>>ARGONAUTS
6. Sidelights On "atlantis" Part 2 Ch.IV (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... Theseia?9 Such formerly existing sites yield credence to the reality of the invasion and to the rape of Antiope. Plutarch says that they crossed the Cimmerian Bosphorus to attack the "Atlantes". Pindar, who places them in the far north, says it was thither Bellerophon was traditionally sent to attack them on his flying-horse Pegasus. The Argonauts encountered them by the river Thermodon when on their pioneer voyage along the shores of the Pontus -actually the Baltic and incorrectly the Black Sea- where, too, Hercules sought the girdle of the Amazon queen Hippolyte. Jordanis, the Gothic historian, in his history De Rebus Geticis, also describes how the Goths, emigrating from their homeland


14. Is the Tribe of Dan Homer's Danaanians? [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... the English word "electricity." Only one other person in Mediterranean history compares to Heracles, and he is of course the Danite Samson. One last word on Heracles- the Greeks themselves have shown that the true historical figure of Heracles comes from the Phoenicians. In the next segment of this story we will deal with Jason and the Argonauts, the way-marks to the Baltic, Denmark, and England, and also the book, Holy Blood and Holy Grail, and, oh yes, the lion's whelp. Robert Stevens Hoboken, New Jersey

23. Paradise Found: The Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole [Books]
... classes are right; but instead of searching out in what way they can both be right, a great number of interpreters have taken the easier method of accusing the poet of arbitrariness, or of self-contradiction. Thus one of them says, "We cannot help fancying that our poet, in the plenitude of his authority, seized upon the Argonautic cycle, and transferred Aie"tes and the Aiaian isle to the West from their proper place in the East; and he may have retained the description of that isle, which accords perfectly with its eastern position, but E. H. Bunbury, History of Ancient Geography among the Greek* and Romans, London, 1879.

27. Chapter XXXV. The Origin of Egyptian Astronomy (Continued) -- The Thebes School [Books]
... potter and art workman (p . 293), a point I shall return to presently. He eventually formed a triad with Anu and Bil, that is, the poles of the heavens and the equator. [2 ] The God of Eridu. Let us assume that the earliest sun-god traced at Eridu was the sun-god of those early argonauts who founded the colony. We are told that this god was the son of Ía, and that his name was Tammuz; he was in some way associated with Asari (? Osiris) (Sayce, p. 144), who, according to Jensen, represented the Earth (p . 195); of the Moon we

34. Myths of the Creation of the Earth (Moons, Myths and Man) [Books]
... first a high central mountain appeared, and then seven smaller ones grouped round it. The magical coercion motif is as typical for America as the fishing-out motif for the Pacific area. But, just as we found a singular exception to the latter, so now to the former. It is the well-known myth preserved in the Tale of the Argonauts of the creation of the island of Kalliste (Thera; the modern Santorin) out of a clod of earth which the hero Euphemos obtained from his half-brother, Triton. When it was thrown into the yeasty waves it grew into an island, which was peopled by its creator and his descendants. An echo may also be found in

36. The Secret Chambers Part I Ch.VII (The Riddle of Prehistoric Britain) [Books]
... his Cyclops especially on islands, and where his art in the uses of fire made him among the most important gods of Olympus. Everything produced by smelting was ascribed to him, such as Tabs, the man of brass, whom he gave to Minos and who protected the coast of Crete by hurling masses of "rock" at the Argonauts who tried to land; as the armour of Achilles, the necklace of Harmonia, and as a gem of his art, the beautiful but highly deceptive jade Pandora, a sinister piece of work, together with her "chest", or "box". Athens, no mean city in magic knowledge, worshipped Hephaestus along with

41. The Saturn Problem [Journals] [SIS Review]
... ; and Athena, goddess of wisdom, military strategy and handicrafts. The first two of these goddesses were explicitly identified by the Greeks with the planet Venus, while the trio as whole had a governing influence in practically all the affairs of the Heroic Age. Hera acted as patroness of some heroes, such as Jason, leader of the Argonauts, and the persecutor of others, such Heracles (Roman Hercules), the greatest hero of all. Athena watched over all the heroes and, according to the great poet Homer (8th century BC), bested the war-god Ares in battle, a clear sign that the age of his ascendancy (the Bronze Age of naked militarism

44. Chronological Implications of a Proper Identification of the Labyrinth: Part II [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... also used the titulary associated with Ramesses II and some of the records could be theirs. This multiple use of titularies is likely to make it difficult to securely assign many of the scantier records. 8. Although other sources were consulted, my principal source was E. Bevan: The House of Ptolemy (1927, Reprint: Chicago, Argonaut Inc., 1968). 9. Scholars of the Hellenistic period should be pleased to learn that the misplaced Egyptian material reveals that Ptolemy I's father was a Macedonian cavalry captain. A number of other uncertainties will be resolved by the Egyptian material after its placement in its proper chronological niche. 10. Perdiccas attempted to alter this plan

>>>LABYRINTH
1. Chronological Implications of a Proper Identification of the Labyrinth [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... From: SIS Chronology and Catastrophism Workshop 1992 No 2 (Jan 1993) Home | Issue Contents Chronological Implications of a Proper Identification of the Labyrinth by Jesse E. Lasken This is the first part of a two part paper dealing with the identification of the Egyptian Labyrinth and the chronological implications that follow from its proper identification. This part deals with the location of the Labyrinth. The second part, scheduled for the next issue of Workshop, will explore with the chronological implications of my proposed identification. The arguments in Part I previously appeared in substantially the same form in the Newsletter of the American Research Center in Egypt [1 ]. However, some improvements have been made





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<<>>The Saturn Thesis (Part 2) [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0405
_From: Aeon IV:5 (Nov 1996) Issue Contents
_The Saturn Thesis (Part 2) An In-Depth Interview with David Talbott -- (Continued) ... For perhaps fifteen years or so, I've not been able to escape the sense that there is some ancient connection between the number five and the birth, or appearance, of ____Jupiter, the god who emerges as the rejuvenated form of the sun god -- the Universal Monarch transformed, brought back to life, and re-installed as king of the world. It seems that, beginning with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, the five-pointed star is associated with the idea of re-birth, regeneration, renewal, re-incarnation, and the New Year. Though I've not had a chance to pursue this issue rigorously, I would not be surprised to find a consistent idea at work, relating the five-rayed star to the transference of the Venus-heart-soul to the younger, Jovian power. [[In the Alien Sky video, he showed Venus as having 8 rays initially, but only 5 later as it turned so 3 rays were out of view]] I must also insert here one further theoretical possibility quite closely connected to the idea of an axial fifth direction. I have speculated that a stream of material descending from Mars toward the Earth might have appeared as the fifth ray added to the four rays of the four-rayed star. This idea will be most intelligible to those who have now seen the video, "Remembering the End of the World," in which the descending stream is illustrated and linked to images of a protruding tongue, a pointed beard, and a dagger or a stake driven into the lower regions. (Mythically, the same stream was also remembered as a single tooth or thorn, a projecting single horn -- as in the unicorn -- and the descending, pointed tail of the chaos monster, but we'll get into that later.) ... The material descended from Mars eventually reached the Earth (coming to constitute the polar column) then retreated back up the axis as Mars returns to the Venus womb. In this interpretation, the widespread connection of the fifth ray or fifth direction with the world axis will be seen in a very direct and literal sense.

.<JUP>SAT> The Road to Saturn (Excerpts from an Autobiographical Essay) [Aeon Journal]
_From: Aeon I:3 (1988) Home¦ Issue Contents
_The Road to Saturn (Excerpts from an Autobiographical Essay) - Dwardu Cardona - PART III
_1977 saw the publication of George Michanowsky's The Once and Future Star. In this work Michanowsky maintained that the rise of civilization and the origin of religious beliefs owe their impetus to the sudden appearance of a bright light in the sky. But the similarity to the theory of Saturn's flare-up ends there. Michanowsky's theory was based on the remains of a supernova, in the form of a pulsar, discovered in 1968 by the Molonglo Radio Observatory in Australia. The pulsar was detected in the southern constellation Vela and thus received the popular designation Vela X. The stellar explosion that gave birth to this pulsar occurred somewhere between 1300 and 1500 light years away and must therefore have appeared in Earth's sky for many months as a prominent light that might even have shone as a smaller second sun by day. Searching in Sumerian documents for a possible reference to this ancient stellar outburst, Michanowsky believed he found it in a
... Saturn could thus have constituted a system independent from the Solar one. The Solar System, to which we did not yet belong, would have consisted of the Sun, ____Jupiter, and some minor planetary objects. At some point in time, the Solar System would have invaded the Saturnian one (or vice versa) resulting in a near-collision of ____Jupiter with Saturn. The planets would then have been scattered to be recaptured in newly acquired orbits around the Sun. In the process, Saturn would also have become harnessed to the Sun but, more than that, it would have found itself too highly charged for its new environment. As Juergens himself phrased it "How otherwise end such embarrassment than by shedding [its excess charge in a mighty explosion?" As conjectural as this scenario was, it answered more, on a theoretical basis, than Juergens himself at first assumed. Besides accounting for Saturn's flare up, it could also be made to account for the primeval darkness preceding that event if it could be assumed that Saturn had been a dark electric star prior to its invasion of, or by, the Solar System. Thus the Earth, already suspended beneath Saturn's south pole, would have been enveloped by the darkness of outer space even while its life forms, including man, would have been kept from freezing to death by the warmth dispensed by Saturn's close proximity

.<JUP/SAT> Vox Popvli [Aeon Journal]
... , Saturn had acquired the cosmic eye and the cosmic pillar, fueling the imagination of the ancients. This system also had its catastrophic events, in which Saturn was replaced by ____Jupiter while Venus moved in an unstable orbit around the Sun. The AEON view apparently is that all of mythology can be assigned to the egg, the eye, or the transition

.<JUP*S> Vox POPVLI [Aeon Journal]
... that, during the Saturnian age, Earth was positioned between two gas giants has already been considered. I first broached this subject publicly in 1983. In a paper that I had presented at the Haliburton Seminar in that year, I had reason to state: "____Jupiter was ... also known as the Star of the South [17 and it is just possible that the Jovian luminary was hidden, not behind Saturn [as per David Talbott], but below Earth. Thus ____Jupiter would have occupied a position in the south celestial pole akin to Saturn's in the north.

.<~JUP/SAT> Magnetic Models of the Polar Configuration [Aeon Journal]
_From: Aeon IV:2 (Aug 1995) Home¦ Issue Contents
_Magnetic Models of the Polar Configuration - Robert B. Driscoll
_INTRODUCTION
_In a tentative model for the Saturn Myth proposed earlier, the Earth was taken to have had essentially its present atmosphere and no significant net electric charge. Its stable position in that model of the polar configuration depended solely upon gravitation and aero-dynamic force of the circumsolar gas cloud deflected between two proto-Jovian gas giants dominating the configuration, with masses m j and m s. The two proto-Jovian members had planetary electrical charges whose product QjQs> Gm j m s, with G the Newtonian gravitational constant, giving them net repulsive interactions balanced by the components of the attractive forces of Helios (the Sun) parallel to the common axis. Magnetic forces were negligible. (1) The model now described in detail eliminates ____Jupiter. It includes the Jovian mass in that of the single gas supergiant of the configuration, called Saturn. (See Fig. 1.) Present ____Jupiter and Saturn were formed by fragmentation of the supergiant at the
... gravitation and aero-dynamic force of the circumsolar gas cloud deflected between two proto-Jovian gas giants dominating the configuration, with masses mj and ms. The two proto-Jovian members had planetary electrical charges whose product QjQs> Gmj ms, with G the Newtonian gravitational constant, giving them net repulsive interactions balanced by the components of the attractive forces of Helios ( ...
... the Orbit of Venus," KRONOS VII:2 (Winter 1982), pp. 3 ff. 13. E. J. Routh, op. cit., pp. 242-249. 14. D. Talbott, "Guidelines to the Saturn Myth," KRONOS X:3 (Summer 1985), pp. 42 ff., cf., p. 51; idem, "Reconstructing the Saturn Myth," AEON I:1 (January 1988), pp. 29 ff; idem, "On Testing the Polar Configuration," AEON I:2 (February 1988), pp. 95 ff; idem, "The Mythical History of the Comet Venus," AEON II:4 (May 1991), pp. 29 ff. 15. This writer has concluded that a more realistic cloud model than that of Ragnar Forshufvud (op. cit.) is both feasible and necessary, in which the gas pressure causes non-Keplerian circumhelial velocities of the cloud's gas. Also required is recognition that the cloud would have been drawn

.<JUP/SAT> On testing The Polar configuration [Aeon Journal]
_From: Aeon I:2 (Feb 1988) Home¦ Issue Contents
_On testing The Polar configuration - David Talbott
_Background
_This is a follow-up article to my previous "Reconstructing the Saturn Myth," AEON Vol. I, No. 1. It is assumed that readers will have read that article and are familiar with the general context of the theory discussed in the following pages. Defining the model In presenting the case for Saturn's polar configuration it is necessary to draw upon many wide-ranging pieces of a celestial puzzle. But the theory can only give meaning to the separate pieces by reference to a model outside all generally accepted theoretical frameworks. In effect, our interpretation of each significant datum requires one to tentatively grant a sweeping theory reinterpreting all of the data. It would be an understatement to say that this can create a major difficulty in communication. Our argument on behalf of the polar configuration must concentrate initially on the model and the way it interprets ancient myth. If a new theory can unify and explain its subject, the quickest way to deal with
... immense subject I intend to treat in a separate series of articles. The seven small bodies revolving inside the enclosure must also be reviewed, as well as the indispensable role of ____Jupiter, hidden behind Saturn. Also, the cometary streams radiating from the band have an important role in both the pictographs and the myths. As we obtain a preliminary outline of

.<JUP/SAT> On Models and Scenarios [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0104
_From: Aeon I:4 (July 1988) Home¦ Issue Contents
_On Models and Scenarios - David Talbott
_Introduction
_Over the past few years, a growing interest in the Saturn question has led to much speculation on the proposed polar configuration, with a number of individuals now offering tentative models. Though each of the models shares something in common with others, each has its own distinctions, and many new possibilities will doubtless arise from the preliminary papers presented in this issue. Since the researchers involved have suggested varying interpretations of the polar configuration concept or of the mythical data behind it, I wish to briefly state the thesis for which I claim originality. In 1972 I employed the phrase "the polar configuration" (an original phrase at the time) to describe the celestial form I believed ancient man had seen in the sky. The immense apparition involved a stationary Saturn at the celestial pole, a surrounding band with illuminated crescent and a column of gas or dust stretching along the world axis. The most compelling image for the terrestrial viewer, I claimed
... a spiraling comet -- the old sun god's beard or sidelock; the position of the warrior-hero Mars at the apex of the polar column; the original position of the planet ____Jupiter behind Saturn. These essential ideas, to which numerous details must be added, constitute the foundation of an original and now-comprehensive theory of myth. It should be obvious, however
... been understood in terrestrial terms -- such as, most importantly, the creation and the deluge -- originally described events in the sky. In its original form the creation myth did not tell how our Earth, its landscape and inhabitants came into being, but rather recorded the spectacular formation of the primeval land of the gods -- a crescent-enclosure housing ...

.<JUP^SAT> The Mythical History of the Comet Venus (Part I) [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0204
_From: Aeon II:4 (1991) Home¦ Issue Contents
_The Mythical History of the Comet Venus (Part I) - David Talbott
_INTRODUCTION
_Taking the mythically-based model of the polar configuration as a reference, (1) it is possible to reconstruct from ancient testimony the remarkable history of the planet Venus in prehistoric times. The integrity of this reconstruction will, in turn, lend substantial verification to the model by demonstrating that here -- as in other instances previously noted -- the model satisfies the requirements of a general theory: it accommodates and explains the data in a consistent way, while removing countless anomalies that have frustrated previous efforts to place ancient myths and symbols in a comprehensible light. It is particularly noteworthy that none of the common Venusian themes, when examined in detail, are explicable by Venus' appearance today -- a point that is only underscored by the occasional guesses of historians and mythologists seeking to explain the motifs within conventionally accepted frameworks. Consider these well-established associations of the planet-goddess: Eye of the sun god; Ascending heart or soul;
... the shared polar axis.
_PRIMEVAL CONJUNCTION
_As readers of my previous articles know, I have claimed that the planetary arrangement behind the polar configuration involved the former dominance of the planet ____Jupiter, all other participating bodies serving as Jovian "satellites" of sorts, in a planetary alignment having no counterpart in the solar system today. The shared rotational axis of these

.<JUP.CATRUR> Vox Popvli [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0506
... the planets as at present. Since the collapse of the polar system was most probably due to a massive, but external, catastrophic agent -- I suspect the capture of ____Jupiter -- it is likely that the masses (and sizes) of the respective planets went through a change. My suspicion is that Venus lost mass in a grazing impact with ____Jupiter (hence the myth of the birth of Venus from ____Jupiter). Venus would have thus come out of this grazing impact in a very hot state and comet-like. Saturn, too, would have
... would conclude otherwise. Another fundamental component of the polar configuration is Saturn's rotating crescent which would not be visible according to Spedicato's model. David Talbott has suggested a visibility angle for Saturn of five degrees. [6 I wonder if this constitutes serious consideration since Spedicato indicates an angle for Saturn of 1.089 degrees? Emilio Spedicato replies: What Mr. Smith states

.<JUP.VISIBL> Further Comments on the Saturnian Configuration Theory (Forum) [Aeon Journal]
aeon/vol0602
_From: Aeon VI:6 (Dec 2001) Home¦ Issue Contents Forum
_Further Comments on the Saturnian Configuration Theory - Frederic B. Jueneman - From Newark, California, writes:
_In his objective remarks on the Saturnian configuration theory, Michael Bar-Ron mentions the similarity between Earth and Venus and comments on the lack of tectonic plate activity on Venus, [22 but doesn't seem to be aware of my suggestion that our own Moon may be the progenitor of Earth's tectonic plate motion. [23 Venus has no moon of its own, much less one the size of our lunar neighbor -- a satellite which constantly exercises a continuous stress on Earth's lithosphere and mantle as the two bodies, Earth and Moon, revolve monthly about a common gravitational barycenter, while Earth itself rotates daily on its own axis through this same barycenter. It's dynamically like an Olympic ham-mer-thrower who is simultaneously performing a pirouette. In the same issue of AEON, Wallace Thornhill was stated to have given the name "Birkeland current" to the plasma discharge in the polar vortex [24, a
... nearby stellar gravitational fields. Once this shish-kabob encountered the Sun's vicinity, the polar configuration would have been disrupted and the planets scattered into various orbital positions. Further, if indeed Saturn had once been a brown dwarf star, its size would have been considerably reduced in volume, perhaps to the dimensions of a terrestrial planet or a smaller gas giant. This would have allowed ____Jupiter to be visible from behind the configuration. Also, an encounter with the Sun's influence may well have triggered a nova-like eruption on Saturn that would have left it in a much

.<JUP.MADE.AST.BELT> Natural Catastrophes During Bronze Age Civilisations [Aeon Journal]
... shaped the inner bodies of the Solar System. The reason that the objects that make up the Asteroid Belt never accreted into a planet, according to Bailey, is because when ____Jupiter formed, the tug of the giant planet kept them from doing so. The Oort Cloud, still according to Bailey as well as a host of other astronomers, was formed

.<SAT.FLOOD> Astral Kingship [Aeon Journal]
... which resulted in the expulsion of considerable physical matter, the emanation of great light, and the discharge of abundant water. We are, in fact, suggesting that the Atum-Re myth is the legacy of the Saturnian Deluge proposed by Velikovsky.(42)
Helios and Heliopolis
Heliopolis was itself the Primeval Mound, the first part of the land world to appear ...

<<>>The Saturn Thesis: Questions and Answers [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0306
_From: Aeon III:6 (Dec 1994) Issue Contents
_The Saturn Thesis: Questions and Answers David Talbott Author of The Saturn Myth
_INTRODUCTION.
_Myth is, I believe, a window to early human history, a more intensely dramatic period than we've realized. The myths have their roots in a time of
... Our probes of other planets ... have produced many stunning images of the planets and their moons, together with undeniable evidence of sweeping catastrophe within the planetary system. Taken as a whole, these stark profiles of our neighbors challenge traditional ...

<<>>The Saturn Thesis [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0403
_From: Aeon IV:3 (Dec 1995) Issue Contents
The Saturn Thesis An In-Depth Interview With David Talbott

<<>>The Saturn Thesis (Part 3) [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0406
_From: Aeon IV:6 (May 1997) Issue Contents
The Saturn Thesis (Part 3) An In-Depth Interview with David Talbott -- (Continued)
SYSTEM ORBIT
5. Return to the Paelo-Saturnian System (Forum) [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0602
... Saturnian system started orbiting the Sun (with the "moons" of Saturn trailing after their primary). Did the break-up occur immediately at that point, or did the paradisiacal epoch last a while into the Sun's reign of the system? How, exactly, did ____Jupiter take part in the break-up (what was its relationship to the Sun, etc.)? What did all that look like to people on earth? Also, let's say the characters known as Adam and Hawwah (not "Havvah") were inspired in ...

.<SAT.SYS,MOONS/EARTH> The Electric Saturnian System [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0601
_From: Aeon VI:1 (Feb 2001) Home¦ Issue Contents
_The Electric Saturnian System - An interview with Wallace Thornhill
_AEON: In a recent article you stated that astronomers "accept the idea that planets could orbit within the thin [atmospheric envelope" of brown dwarf stars. [1 Could you expand on this and, perhaps, tell us which astronomers have gone on record with such a statement?
_Thornhill: In a 1999 New Scientist article there is a discussion of a report from the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, of June that same year, concerning computer simulations of a red giant star swallowing planets. [2 Surprisingly, they found that a large planet continues to orbit inside the star for thousands of years, only slowly being evaporated by the heat. As it was stated there: "You have to keep in mind that these stars are super-tenuous gas balls with their matter smeared over an absolutely huge volume. Their outer regions are as rarefied as what we would consider a good vacuum on Earth." [3 Of
... dense but still a good approximation to a vacuum. The constituents of the atmospheres of brown dwarf stars, so far as they have been determined, seem to include water, and other, molecules which are helpful to life. That would explain the icy moons of ____Jupiter and Saturn as well as the reports of water misting down onto Earth when it was still a satellite of proto-Saturn. Even ____Jupiter's moon, Io, I believe, was originally covered with ice. The sulfurous deposits on that moon are a result of continuous electric discharges from ____Jupiter, which convert the oxygen in the ice to sulfur. We see another example on the next closest moon to ____Jupiter, Europa, where ____Jupiter's thunderbolts have etched red furrows across its icy surface in the recent past.
_AEON: You stated that, in your
... , "The Sauropod Dilemma," AEON II:4 (May 1991), pp. 113-119.
[16 See, for instance, D. Talbott, "From Myth to a Physical Model," AEON III:3 (October 1993), pp. 25-27.
[17 D. Cardona, "Saturn's Flare-Ups," S.I.S. Workshop ...

.<SAT.SYS.ORBIT> Ashton's Bedrock of Myth (Forum) [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0602
_From: Aeon VI:6 (Dec 2001) Home¦ Issue Contents
_Forum: Ashton's Bedrock of Myth - An aspect of the Polar Configuration according to Ashton
_C. Leroy Ellenberger From St. Louis, Missouri, writes:
_An aspect of the Polar Configuration according to Ashton
_Most surviving Velikovskians now see Worlds in Collision and Ages in Chaos as seriously flawed, if not completely wrong. Many, instead, propose that the real interplanetary catastrophes occurred earlier than Velikovsky thought. Adopting the "Saturn theory," inspired by an unpublished Velikovsky manuscript alluding to the ancient Sun-Saturn polarity, [105 they claim that, during the "Golden Age" ruled by Saturn/Kronos, Earth was part of a "polar configuration" that orbited the Sun near Earth's present location, so that a nearby Saturn loomed continuously over the north pole as a rotating crescent. Situated between Earth and Saturn were Venus and Mars with ____Jupiter hidden behind Saturn! Saturnists believe (1) that mythology preserves the record of that alignment and transition to the present Solar System by 2000 BCE, and (2) that their novel interpretation of ancient myth and sacred symbols (which redefines such terms as "ocean," "sky," and "earth") gives results superior to those of modern science.
... the Saturnian configuration ... model that is being considered follows Ralph Juergens' proposal that the Saturnian system, including Earth, had existed outside the Solar system

www.catastrophism.com/intro/search.cgi?zoom_query=%22comets+stretched+out%22
x.<SL9>SAT.SYS> The Electric Universe: Slide Presentation & Notes - by Wallace Thornhill [Aeon Journal]
_On the screen I saw twenty-one comets stretched out in a celestial shish kebab, one that remained coherent (the few off-line bodies actually moved continuously into straighter alignment) for a full two-earth-year-long orbit.
... But this slide wasn't a cave artist's interpretation from the dim reaches of myth. It was a photograph taken through a telescope in 1994: Comet Shoemaker-Levi 9. An observer looking toward ____Jupiter from any one of the outer bodies would have seen the others centered on ____Jupiter, their cometary tails layered into a cosmic mountain or tree. ... Thornhill's presentation was the event that ... changed the polar configuration [in]to an astronomical possibility.

.<SAT.SYS.EVNTS> Symbols of an Ancient Sky: Slide Presentation & Notes by David Talbott [Aeon Journal]
_From: Aeon V:2 (Apr 1998) Home¦ Issue Contents Bookshelf
_Symbols of an Ancient Sky: Slide Presentation & Notes - by David Talbott (KRONIA, Beaverton, Oregon, 1997) Reviewed by Pam Hanna
_Never has there been a unified field theory of myth and ritual, claims comparative mythologist David Talbott -- until now. In this spiral-bound, soft-cover notebook, the author presents his case in black and white illustrations, depicting aspects of the physical model he espouses together with its ancient symbolic references, each of which is accompanied by explanatory text. Basing his analysis on universal mythological themes, Talbott concludes that the Golden Age of the Gods, as well as its final destruction, corresponds to events that actually occurred and were etched in human memory like ancient software. Talbott deduces that major changes in the planetary order brought about Earth-threatening catastrophes. According to his model, the first civilizations originated in ritual practices honoring, imitating, and re-living these dramatic celestial events. His assertion, following Velikovsky, is that the dominant deified powers celebrated in ancient
... Beginning with the great Golden Age of the Gods, a myth as old as humanity, traditions mention a motionless creator god at the celestial pole. This was the time of "creation." Luminous material, "primeval matter," was spewed from the creator's central eye-heart-soul to form a cosmic dwelling atop the great mountain of the gods with its twin peaks. A glorious mother goddess, described as the radiance of the God, is contained within him as consort or daughter. And a son was within the womb of the mother. It is a timeless era of abundance, radiance, and harmony. Then, unaccountably, a great upheaval disturbs this timeless epoch to cause the great goddess to rage out of control, sweeping the heavens with her fiery hair, or a broom, or her angry tail. She is looking for vengeance or lamenting throughout creation, trying to recover the dismembered limbs of the lost god -- her husband, her father, her son. The events, as narrated by Talbott, read like a theatrical drama. A contender enters -- a warrior, a hero, a brother, a father, an enemy, a monster. The lines become blurred. And then doomsday. The war of the gods, chaos-monsters, the displacement or death of the great god himself who hurls his thunderbolts from heaven -- and even swallows his own children. At this point, it appears that the warrior hero intercedes. Pushing the great god back -- or contending with a monstrous other -- he himself falls to Earth. Sometimes considered an interloper, sometimes a savior, his celestial actions seem to have brought about a welcome respite. The great gods receded to become the pinpoints of light seen in the present night sky. The rain of fire, the perpetual winter, the waters of the great flood, all the calamities that the gods had caused in their fray, came to an end. Order was restored. But it is a new order. A bright sun now moved across the sky; the motionless sun at the pole was gone; and the Golden Age came to an end. ____Jupiter now became the largest planet in the sky. Talbott believes that this new order was the end of the myth-making epoch. ... According to Talbott, ____Jupiter was initially hidden behind Saturn. This configuration evolved in a highly dramatic way, as gases and other material stretched between the planets which interacted electrically with one another, producing periods of great instability and catastrophe. Venus was swept off its course, the gas giant Saturn erupted, and, under Earth's gravitational influence, Mars ended up losing a portion of its atmosphere, oceans and surface material. The flux of this Martian debris, as it stretched toward Earth, was seen in the terrestrial sky as a tapered turbulent swath which went down in myth, inter alia, as the world pillar, the world mountain, and/or the axis mundi. In the myths, Mars and his counterparts are also symbolized as a dagger, a post, a stake, a peg, a pin, a pointed beard, a protruding tongue, a single tooth, a plow, a spade, a sword, all of which relate to the appearance of the planet and its stream of debris. ... Writes Talbott: "The evolution of this configuration, I am suggesting, is the history of the ancient gods. And the global patterns of myth, ritual, and symbol have no other reference!" (p. 46.)

<<HEAT.LOSS>>Darkness and the Deep [Aeon Journal]
... than it receives from the Sun. (140) At close proximity to Saturn, at a time when Saturn might have been as massive, if not more massive, than ____Jupiter, at a time when the luminary was on the verge of exploding into a veritable sun, the Earth may in fact have been warmer on its facing hemisphere than it is today. Describing the primeval Saturn as "the smallest possible red dwarf star or a brown dwarf star" in its death throes, Hall assumed that, for eons, the giant planet "had sustained by radiant energy the spark of life" on Earth.(141) So, similarly, but without considering the prevailing darkness, Tresman wrote: It is also proposed that proto-Saturn gave out its own light and heat. At present Saturn radiates two to three times the energy it receives from the Sun. The structure of the giant planets ____Jupiter and Saturn, with their preponderance of hydrogen and helium, is regarded as more like the Sun than the inner planets such as the Earth. If what we see today is the remnant of its former condition, [Saturn must have radiated enough energy to sustain life on Earth. (142) Leroy Ellenberger professed doubts that Saturn could have cooled off from Hall's postulated 1350K temperature to its present tepidity in the requisite time. (143) ... So, similarly, in an article that was originally published in 1982 in the German periodical Raum & Zeit: ... there are reliable indications that heating in the interior of the planets ... is generated by the conversion of braking gravitational radiation. ... Upon emission from the Sun, this [tachyon] field is very dense, and is, on the average, slower than the field irradiating the Sun from the outside. In fact, the peak velocity of the tachyons on the way from the Sun to the Earth seems to exceed that of light only slightly. Nieper calls this Feinberg field radiated by the Sun, and particularly dense around it, the "perisolar cushion field." Several important phenomena can be explained by this theory, especially the heating of the planet Venus. (145)

.<JUP/SAT> Ashton's Bedrock of Myth (Forum) [Aeon Journal]
... the Sun near Earth's present location, so that a nearby Saturn loomed continuously over the north pole as a rotating crescent. Situated between Earth and Saturn were Venus and Mars with ____Jupiter hidden behind Saturn! Saturnists believe (1) that mythology preserves the record of that alignment and transition to the present Solar System by 2000 BCE, and (2) that

.<SAT.SYS.MAG.MODL> Stability and Dimensions of the Polar Configuration [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0405
... m s /m e= 100n, where 1 <= n <= 5 (so Saturn's mass may range between that of present Saturn and that of present Saturn+ ____Jupiter, with allowance for ejective mass at the close of the Golden Age (2)). Then s e /n <= 910,000 km, and the acceleration
... making possible the existence of a polar configuration in the sense of Talbott, Cochrane, and Cardona, (1) the instability of the joint gravitational and magnetic dipole-dipole interaction of Saturn and each of the smaller planets was counteracted by the heliocentric magnetic field generated by the inwardly accreting motion of the ionized inner portion of the circumhelially revolving gas disk. The direction
... (2) It may be concluded from the above that a magnetic model of the polar configuration is internally stable and requires planetary spacings compatible with the images transmitted to us through myth. In the magnetic models of the polar configuration with two gas supergiants (2) the same principles apply as above though the relations are more complicated. But it is easy ...

.<AGE.DARK> The Age of Purple Darkness [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0503
... 1 (March-April 1982), pp. 29-32. [37 This, needless to say, was written long before the break-up of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 prior to its impact on ____Jupiter, an event which, while not outside the Solar System, can now be used as an example of axial-sharing celestial bodies. Ed. [38 R. H. Smythe
... Nevertheless, this essay is not premature, since it invokes previously unconducted tests whose outcome will enrich scientific knowledge in any event, regardless of the truth
... a phase of mythical history with which a longer paper will deal in more detail. To be analyzed are the astrophysical, geophysical, biological, and other implications of the darkness with which myth maintains that creation began. The present essay is, in effect, a preview that surveys a few aspects of larger problems with as much independent treatment as seems possible. The ...

.<> The Polar Column: A Physical Model of Myth [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0104
... From: Aeon I:4 (July 1988) Issue Contents
The Polar Column: A Physical Model of Myth Frederic B. Jueneman
... " of the Earth's atmosphere. It might also explain to some degree the radio noises emanating from the shadow cast by the satellite Io on the visible gaseous surface of the planet ____Jupiter, if it can be shown that the detected non-acoustic electromagnetic noise arises from the leading or lagging edge of the shadow, where at least part of the kinetic energy is re-radiated
... Talbott referred to the polar column as "a cone of light" emanating from a Saturnian body in the boreal heavens. Eight years later he published his brilliant study, The Saturn Myth, but without anything more than a glimmer of a physical model. Talbott mentions what he has termed "the polar configuration," which includes a pictorial conceptualization of the

.<PLANET.DIST'> Numerical Analysis of Planetary Distances in a Polar Model [Aeon Journal]
aeon/vol0504
... of Venus, but with variable angular size. It appeared dark red in colour and was widely referred to as the pupil of the eye. No other planets, in particular ____Jupiter, appear in the record. The above features suggest the following physical alignment of the planetary system: A synchronous revolution of the visible planets, including Earth, possibly along circular
... scholars have argued that, during the phase of human prehistory, the Solar System was radically different than now, the planets being aligned with the Sun during their revolution, with Saturn in a dominating position (the Polar Model). In this paper, the planetary alignment equations introduced by Robert Gru-baugh, [1 and studied in a previous paper by Spe-dicato
... . Grubaugh, "Response to Slabinski," in ibid., pp. 11 ff.
[2 See, for instance, D. N. Talbott, The Saturn Myth (N. Y., 1980).
[3 See, for instance, D. Cardona, "Let There Be Light," KRONOS III:3 (Spring ...

.<TRANSJUP.MOONS> Beyond Bauer [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0206
... "youthful" and bears all the signs of still having a volatile geology replete with widespread volcanism. The Voyager probe, similarly, provided equally dramatic evidence that the satellites of Saturn and ____Jupiter have been subjected to tremendous forces consistent with the great cataclysms described by Velikovsky; while the giant planets themselves displayed wildly turbulent atmospheres and complex ring-systems suggestive of recent development. No
... view, no significant new phase of the controversy has clearly emerged since the early 1970's." (22) How is it possible to overlook the publication of Talbott's The Saturn Myth, or the numerous articles by Dwardu Cardona, which together provide ample and compelling support for Velikovsky's claim that Saturn once dominated the visual heavens, arguably one of the latter's most ...

.<X-PLANETS> Antiquated Textbooks: Redesigning the Solar System [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0506
... I do not wish to go into here, they have both suggested that Mercury fissioned out of Venus, [22 very much like Velikovsky believes Venus to have fissioned out of ____Jupiter. For this, too, Velikovsky was called a charlatan. Gaskell and Van Flandern have not been called charlatans. Is it because these events are supposed to have transpired millions
... . [94 "To appreciate how bizarre this behavior is," writes Sam Flamsteed, "it helps to consider the bigger planets in our solar system -- ____Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are all at least a hundred times farther from the sun than 51 Peg[asi 's planet appears to be. And it takes them
... The Unfolding Universe (N. Y., 1982), p. 78 (emphasis added).
[60 See here E. Cochrane, "Martian Meteorites in Ancient Myth and Modern Science," AEON IV:2 (August 1995), pp. 57 ff., where various other sources are cited.
[61 Pliny, Natural History ...

.<TRITON'ORBIT> Discussion [Aeon Journal] aeon/vol0204
... If Neptune has a large electromagnetic field Triton's orbit should decay at a spectacular rate. There are no highly circular orbiting bodies in the inner solar system (inside the orbit of ____Jupiter) in a retrograde orbit around the Sun. Based on theory such a body would fall inward toward the Sun in a very short time. The same must apply to Triton

____Jupiter surprises in first trove of data from NASA’s Juno mission
spaceflightnow.com/2017/05/26/____Jupiter-surprises-in-first-trove-of-data-from-nasas-juno-mission/
_Other parts of Juno’s scientific sensor suite are mapping ____Jupiter’s gravity field to learn about the heart of the planet.
_“When we went to go measure the gravity field, what we were really looking for was the core — whether there was a compact core or no core,” Bolton said. “Instead, what we found was that it really looks fuzzy. There may be a core there, but it’s very big, and it may be partially dissolved. We’re studying that, but that came as a big surprise to us that there was no core.”
_Theories about ____Jupiter’s core before Juno arrived predominately predicted the planet either had a small, dense rocky core between one and 10 times as massive as Earth, or no core at all, scientists said.
_“Most scientists were in one camp or the other, and what we found was really neither was true,” Bolton said. “There may be a little bit of a compact core, but there may be layers there, and there seems to be a fuzzy core that may be much larger than anybody had anticipated.
_“The gravity data that we’ve gotten thus far is not really consistent with just a small compact core or zero core, but it is somewhat consistent with a large fuzzy core that may be partially dissolved,” Bolton said. “It’s also consistent, maybe, with some deep motions, or zonal winds and things like that … dictating the interior of ____Jupiter’s dynamics, which are very different than historically models have assumed.”

-----

>JUPITER REPLACE SATURN
The Opening of The Mouth Ritual - Part II [Journals] [Aeon]
... believes Osiris was Saturn. [69] In-stead, he now surmises that Osiris was actually Jupiter, which planet replaced Saturn behind which it had been shielded from mortal eyes. To him, this change of polar planets constituted the re-born sun-god. My main objection, here, is that one cannot ignore the unlikely celestial dynamics involved in having Jupiter replace Saturn in a new polar configuration with Venus, Mars and Earth still aligned below it. How could such a massive celestial body as Saturn get out of the line-up so easily without disrupting the other bodies? More importantly, how could Saturn have then disappeared entirely, as it must have done for observers not to see that it

>JUPITER; PHALLUS
3. Abraham and Phallicism [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... as Saturn [3 ], was torn into fourteen pieces by the avenging Seth who dropped the pieces into the Nile. Mournful Isis, Osiris's sister-wife, identified variously as Jupiter [4 ] or Venus [5 ], hunted for the parts and reconstructed Osiris from them, except for his penis which could never be found: it had ... towards the arguments of those who believe Venus was the agent of Sodom's destruction and the source of the sulphur which rained from heaven. Background There are myths which have the phallus as part of the drama. In an Egyptian story [2 ], Osiris, identified as Saturn [3 ], was torn into fourteen pieces by the avenging

>DEATH OF MARS
Huitzilopochtli, Part 2 Mars Ch.3 (Worlds in Collision) [Velikovsky] [Velikovsky Worlds in Collision]
... symbolized in religious ceremonies of the ancient Mexicans. In one of these ceremonies the priest of Quetzal-cohuatl shot an arrow into an effigy of Huitzilopochtli, which penetrated the god, who was then considered dead.5 This appears to have been a symbolic repetition of the electrical discharge that Venus ejected toward Mars. But the Aztecs would not concede the ____death of Mars, the bellicose destroyer of towns, the god of sword and pestilence, and carried on their wars against the Toltecs, the people who looked to the planet Venus. These wars between the Toltecs and the Aztecs must have taken place earlier than is generally supposed; they might have occurred before the present era, when there

>DEPARTURE OF VENUS
1. The Birth of Athena [Journals] [Aeon]
... prior to its ultimate displacement, however, the brilliant green orb of Venus was associated with a luminous tail or plume of celestial material, interpreted (among other things) as a lock of hair. It was the severance of this comet-like "lock of hair", if the ancient myths are to be believed, which marked the ultimate departure of Venus from Saturn, thereby signaling the "death" of the King of the Gods and ushering in a period of instability associated with a warring goddess (Athena/Ker). (152) The thesis outlined above, in our opinion, will explain much that is obscure about the cult of Athena. Many of Athena's leading

2. Velikovsky's Legacy [Articles]
... at a relatively recent date (certainly within the last 5-10,000 years), Venus participated in a very unusual celestial configuration, one which found the Cytherean planet positioned between Saturn and the Earth, whereby it presented the appearance of a central, luminous "eye" set within the borders of the larger gas giant. It was the departure of Venus from its axial location vis a vis Saturn which precipitated (or was a consequence of) a spectacular cataclysm recalled as the "death" of the first king, the end of a great age, the disaster to end all disasters, etc. (As the first king, Saturn was the celebrated ruler of a lost

>END OF SATURN
The Primordial Light? [Journals] [SIS Review]
... occasions a brief, bright light has flooded this Earth. Can Saturn have been this Primordial Light? 3. The Disruption of Saturn The most striking myth of the destruction of Saturn is that in the Egyptian referring to the demise of Osiris at the hands of Seth (75). Osiris is dismembered. Other destruction motifs relating to the ____end of Saturn are given by de Santillana and von Dechend with reference to the destruction of the Mill, where before it finally sank into the sea it ground out stones. (76) There is an account in the Mahabharata of how Indra does battle with Vrtra, and here Indra is clearly acting in his capacity as a Jupiter deity

>SATURN DEPARTED
The Great Father [Books]
... of the secondary gods as Saturn's "speech": Saturn was the Word or voice of heaven. The ancients conceived Saturn as the visible intelligence bringing forth the Cosmos as his own body and regulating its revolutions. Thus was the planet denominated the Heaven Mana being eventually recalled as the prototype of the human race- the first ancestor. When ____Saturn departed the world, the Golden Age catastrophically ended. This is the universal tale of the dying god, the overthrown "first king" or fallen "first man." Whether betrayed by a dark force, or chastised for having committed the forbidden sin, or inflicted with old age and a weariness of mankind, the result is

>OSIRIS; JUPITER
3. The Opening of The Mouth Ritual - Part II [Journals] [Aeon]
... sand facing south in imitation of the World Mountain and the Saturnian configuration as a colossal northern god. the purpose of the rite was to re-animate mummies just as the sun-god Osiris and the polar configuration itself was once returned to "normal."
_The Myths, Planets, And Gods
_"Mythology and ritual [for the Egyptians were facets of
... Osiris had more to do with a ring finger, than a ring. In fact, Talbott's original proposition, involving Mars, seems closer to the truth.
_Osiris - Jupiter Or Saturn?
_Another difference of opinion involves which planet served as the model for the god Osiris. In 1993, Talbott stated he no longer believes Osiris was Saturn

9. The Father of the Gods? [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... before its initial contact with Jupiter, Saturn was of far greater mass (5 ), and was disrupted. The mythological material in the Pyramid Texts supports this interpretation. Osiris (identified by Velikovsky as Saturn) in its earlier period, corresponding to the "Golden Age", was Atum, ". .. alone in the primeval ... Sun-Saturn Binary(2 ). Mullen (3 ) quoted Velikovsky's opinion that Saturn once went through a short nova-like phase as a result of disruption by a near contact with Jupiter. This was the basis for Velikovsky's successful advance prediction that Saturn, having undergone nova, would now be found to be emitting low-energy radiations (4 ). Velikovsky

13. Saturn's Children [Books] [de Grazia books]
... with the sunlight during the day. Mythical records are unanimous in saying that Saturn, during his reign, stood in the north.... The Egyptian Ra, Osiris, Horus...the Mesopotamian Ninurta, Enki, Anu, Shamash... the Hebrew, or Ugaritic El...the Hindu Brahma, Vishnu ... behavior, and fate. After leaving its infinitely complex imprint upon Earth and mankind, Saturn exploded in a nova or collision; a deluge fell upon the Earth; and Jupiter became king of the heavenly hosts. From David Talbott we summarize more of the abundant material. For the ancients "it was Saturn who introduced the day..

16. Abraham and Phallicism [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... the source of the sulphur which rained from heaven. Background There are myths which have the phallus as part of the drama. In an Egyptian story [2 ], Osiris, identified as Saturn [3 ], was torn into fourteen pieces by the avenging Seth who dropped the pieces into the Nile. Mournful Isis, Osiris's sister-wife, ... variously as Jupiter [4 ] or Venus [5 ], hunted for the parts and reconstructed Osiris from them, except for his penis which could never be found: it had been eaten by three species of fish; the Lepidotus, the Phagrus, and the Oxyrynchus. Fish of the latter type were frequently mummified and their likeness used

21. Velikovsky's Sources Volume Two [Books]
... Plutarch ascribes these changes to Typhon, the destructive, diseased and disorderly, ' who caused abnormal seasons and temperatures. '" V is here referring to "Isis and Osiris", section 49, but the way he has edited it down and dressed it up is misleading on two counts. Firstly, when V talks of Typhon he ... the traditions of the Jews; ' Now this is all rather vague, but basically Typhon (or Seth) is fleeing from Egypt after his battle with Horus (= Jupiter, according to WIC p.174). He escapes on an ass - an animal which is sacred to him- and lives to beget two sons, Hierosolymus

29. A Reading of the Pyramid Texts [Journals] [Pensee]
... of hunger was it necessary to sow and reap. The specific mythology of Egypt implies that its empire was created in response to the deluge and shortly after it. Hence Osiris, the divine king associated by Velikovsky with the deluge, is among other things a culture-hero who teaches agricultural arts. And once the institution of kingship had related catastrophic ... of the gods preceding Menes as divine kings are associated with the Osirian deluge legend. The fact that almost every king from Menes on identified himself with Horus, the planet Jupiter, suggests that when the celestial struggle had reached enough stability to allow for some kind of organized human government, this was carried out under the auspices of the planet

52. Night of the Gods: The Axis and the Universe-Tree [Books]
... with ten branches is a frequent incised ornament on archaic "Trojan" vases, whorls, and balls.89 Here we have a decimal zodiac instead of a duodecimal. OSIRIS. To the world-tree myths must, I think, be attached a leading portion of the story of Osiris, the coffin containing whose dead body is found in the ... here we met-some ten or Twelve of us. The Twelve here are doubtless the celestial or zodiacal twelve round the Axis and the Table of the heavens. The temple of Jupiter on the capitol at Rome replaced, so tradition said, the sacred oak of Romulus.96 An Etruscan inscription showed the antiquity of another oak on the Vatican hill

64. The Evolution of the Cosmogonic Egg [Journals] [Aeon]
... stated that the egg which the Egyptian Ptah fashioned "concealed his own soul, or the soul of Ra." (71) This same soul, in relation to Osiris, was spoken of, inter alia, as a bird called Benu, which the Greeks referred to as the phoenix. It is therefore of interest to note that ... ) are shaped into an egg" although Eliade confesses not to "fully apprehend for what function." (129) Despite Talbott's recent identification of Osiris as the planet Jupiter (130)- with which I cannot agree (131)- the equation of the god with Saturn should also be well known to the readers of this periodical

65. Night of the Gods: The Pillar [Books]
... Pierret adds to this that a box shaped like an obelisk (Louvre) contains a mummied phallus. A curios use of the obelisk is the following: "figures of Osiris in gilt wood have their backs against a little hollow obelisk in which are found the remains of a small embalmed Saurian.47 There is at present in the temple ... , which I suggest in limine is the Greek and the Indian lat, a stone-pillar. Latium, "etymology unknown." Saturn fled there for sanctuary from his son Jupiter, which is like Orestes flying for refuge to the Omphalos, and is quite consistent with the sacred stone explanation. "Latiaris or Lahalis Sande Juppiter` (Lucanl

66. Saturn: In Myth and Religion [Journals] [Kronos]
... the night sky. The starry heavens became visible in all their glory when Saturn disappeared. For this reason, the stars were thought of as being the dissected members of Osiris/Saturn or of the dead sun ." (16) And also: "It was during this time [i .e ., at the end of ... king of the gods, he was bound to acquire, together with Saturn's sceptre, those royal aspects which had formerly belonged to his deposed predecessor. Since, later, Jupiter also became surrounded with rings, it was even believed that he actually stole some of his father's attributes. But even this is not the entire story. I also

80. Darkness and the Deep [Journals] [Aeon]
... read: "Praise be to thee, O Ra...thou shining one who dost send forth light upon the waters of heaven." (57) Of Osiris, also, it is said that "[ his] water is in heaven." (58) Thus, in the Book of the Dead, Ra is ... it receives from the Sun. (140) At close proximity to Saturn, at a time when Saturn might have been as massive, if not more massive, than Jupiter, at a time when the luminary was on the verge of exploding into a veritable sun, the Earth may in fact have been warmer on its facing hemisphere than it is today. Describing the primeval Saturn as "the smallest possible red dwarf star or a brown dwarf star" in its death throes, Hall assumed that, for eons, the giant planet "had sustained by radiant energy the spark of life" on Earth. (141) So, similarly, but without considering

82. Comets And Their Gases Ch.8 (The Riddle of the Earth) [Books]
... , in which the comet for various reasons fulfils the role of the Evil One. + Rev. xii. 118B. It is unquestionably the explanation of the murder of Osiris by his wicked brother Typhon, or Set, or Apap, an astronomical myth with a terrestrial application. Osiris, symbolical of the great civilisation of Egypt, which ... Satyrs, or as a man with goat's horns and cloven hoof. There is the ancient myth of a great war in heaven between Cronus (Saturn) and Ammon (Jupiter), in which Dionysus, the son of Cronus, defeated Ammon. It may be one of those sacerdotal myths of double meaning, but at least it appears

86. The Cosmic Mountain [Books]
... was a common Egyptian practice to place the emblems of the creator upon the perch sign , for the perch or pedestal means the same thing as "mountain." Thus Osiris, enthroned upon the Primeval Hill, is "like an exalted one upon thy pedestal," (11) while Anup, "the god who is on his ... . (254) Only the identity of the world pillar and erect serpent/dragon can explain the primitive habit of decorating commemorative pillars with scales. The shaft of early Jupiter columns "was often patterned with scales," notes Cook. (255) In both Egypt and Mesopotamia images of sacred mountains reveal a scaled pattern. Since the

91. Some Religious Themes in the Light of Velikovsky et alia [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... and Holy Spirit. This idea was supposedly introduced in New Testament times(2 ) and yet it is already present in other faiths: Shiva, Vishnu and Krishna; Osiris, Horus and Isis; and the Sun, Moon Venus Trinity of the Babylonians. I have long had the idea at the back of my mind that each figure ... was far from enthusiastic about my own theory and I fully expected the next consideration to be the stumbling block. I had to identify the Messiah in the Trinity, and Jupiter was the only available planet. However, Keller provides overwhelming supportive evidence for this idea(7 ) in that Jupiter was both a royal and lucky star, also that Saturn was considered protector to Israel. At some point just after the Deluge all three planets appeared in the sky together: an exploding nova, a giant planet, and a massive comet. The people of the time, being monotheists, visualised a God who was One in Three and Three in One. The Jews believed that the Messiah would appear at a Saturn-Jupiter conjunction, which is significant for supporters of Velikovsky and Talbott. It may also explain the Jews' rejection of Christ: I suspect that they were waiting for an Earth-Jupiter encounter with a person of the Noah/Moses type to appear on Earth at the same time. We know they were expecting and still do expect it to be a cosmic event. When a humble carpenter appeared under an orderly heaven he was bound to be rejected. I believe that the Sun, Moon and Venus Trinity of Babylon was originally that of Saturn, Jupiter and Venus. It is

92. The Heavens and Earth of Prehistoric Man by Isaac Vail [Books]
... sun-worshipper had come to know that there was a concealed power behind the throne, and thus Amen-Ra became the "regent of the sun". According to the monumental annals Osiris was the most prominent sun-god of the Egyptians, and yet he is very far from being the true sun, for one of the most striking features of this god ... is to show that prehistoric man lived under a luminous vapor heaven; a shining canopy of vapors, chiefly aqueous, such as today revolves with great swiftness around the planet Jupiter. To make emphatic the inevitable conclusion set forth in nearly all my publications, such canopies must have fallen very largely in the polar regions, and as a result

93. The Laughing Gods [Books] [de Grazia books]
... hence to us a form of Hephaestus. But Graves is probably mistaken, for the Python incident seems to have been an earlier analog, following the death of Saturn (Osiris). So we use it here to explain further how the presence of Apollo at the Love Affair climax was subconsciously prompted. The closeness of the names strengthened the ... in the sky at all. He may represent a lost planet, a destroyed planetary body of an earlier age. He may be the belt of asteroids between mars and Jupiter, whose existence has from time to time been premised upon a previously existing body that disintegrated upon the approach of Jupiter or another intersecting mass [4 ]. Apollo's

94. Child of Saturn (Part V) [Journals] [Kronos]
... his body; it was from the top of this mountain that Baal continued to reign.(9 ) This is the same Baal I have previously equated with Attis/Osiris/Adonis and, therefore, with Saturn.(10) Since it was this particular myth which bestowed the title of Lord of Tsaphon on the Ugaritic Baal, ... ,(5 ) not far from Ugarit on the same Syrian coast.(6 ) It has often been stated that the Romans alluded to Baal Tsaphon by the name Jupiter Casius.(7 ) But before this is accepted as a direct identification it should be noted that Jupiter Casius was the Latin translation of the Greek Zeus Casius who

A UNIFIED THEORY, By Dave Talbott
www.saturniancosmology.org/files/thoth/thotiv13.txt
>98. Thoth Vol IV, No 13: Aug 31, 2000 [Journals] [Thoth]
... his appearance or "reappearance" is synonymous with the renewal of a world which had fallen into darkness and discord. Such appears to be the underlying character of the Egyptian Osiris, Akkadian Marduk; Persian Ahura Mazda; Norse Balder; Hebrew Yahweh; Phoenician Bel, Greek Zeus, Roman Jupiter. This archetypal. renewed god will frequently appear ... a more passive figure in contrast to the mother goddess and warrior-hero personalities, both of whom are highly active in the break between world ages and are typically involved directly in the episodes leading to the sovereign god's transfiguration or renewal. It is common in our time to represent the coming of the New Year as the departure of the elder





>SON OF SATURN
1. The Celestial Ship of North Vol II [Books]
... in one phase and Sevekh, manifestor of the Seven Stars of the Lesser Bear, in another. Sut was also superseded by Taht, who was known as "The Revealer" and "The Messenger." In a later phase he became the planet Mercury and Sut became the planet Saturn. In the Divine Pymander Taht is called the ____son of Saturn. He was an early form of Hermes, and always the swift-flying messenger. Both Sut and Sevekh signify the number seven, the number of Saturn in planetary form. Sut was the first celestial hero. He was given the name of Fire-God, or God of Fire, the Fire of Sabean origin, but as time ...

>2. The Saturn Problem [Journals] [SIS Review]
... that, in perverse contrast to their otherwise vegetarian diet, the humans of the Golden Age aped their divine master and indulged in cannibalism [3 ]. Infanticide, as a sacrifice to Saturn, was still common in some parts of the Mediterranean world in Roman times [4 ]. The great god Jupiter was thought to be the youngest ____son of Saturn. By one means or another (the stories vary) Jupiter escaped being eaten by his father, rebelled against him and clapped him in irons. Jupiter became the next ruler of the gods and was worshipped by the Romans as lord of the skies, the power of the storm and thunderbolt and the embodiment of kingship and ...

>3. The Opening of The Mouth Ritual - Part II [Journals] [Aeon]
... is written: "The old gods say: We see something new... ' He sails over the heavens...he becomes the planet Jupiter." [74] This, however, does not mean that Jupiter had been hiding behind Saturn as seen from Earth. Finally, that Horus the Younger was Mars and the ____son of Saturn has always been a given. And since the myths all say this Horus saved his father Osiris, it is unlikely that Osiris was any planet other than Saturn. The Backbone And Jaws Of Osiris It is now time to delve more deeply into the myths and incantations and pay attention to the words used to describe the actions ...

>4. Indra [Journals] [Kronos]
... Hindu mythology, the god of the planet Mars (Kartikeya/Skanda/ Kumara)(17) was, like the Maruts, said to have been a child of Agni(18) or, as some have it, of Rudra/Shiva(19) - both now recognized as deities of the planet Saturn. But although the ____son of Saturn, Kartikeya/ Mars was fostered by the Krittika who were the Pleiades.(20) Thus our equation can now be expanded to Mars:Maruts-Kesil:Kesilim-Kartikeya:Krittika - and the chips start falling neatly into place. The detailed significance of all this will have to await a future work but, for our present purpose ...

>5. The Golden Age and Nova of Super Saturn [Books] [de Grazia books]
... Figure. The physical circumstances of his end are those that may be associated with a stellar nova, as we have described it. So, too, Saturn comes to his end in a disastrous struggle, thousands of years later, in favor of a new planetary god, Jupiter, also called by many names, and usually made the ____son of Saturn. There is reason to believe that the ancients, when they used the metaphor father-son to refer to sky bodies, meant the most direct and close relationship of one body to another. Saturn came into his own as king of the gods in the period following the destruction of Super Uranus and the ejection of the Moon. ...

>6. The Baalim [Journals] [Kronos]
... born a son Belus. . . . "( 24) Here, then, from the ancients' own mouth, we have a triple revelation: a) that Belus was Kronos who was Saturn; b) that the "first man" was Saturn, here rendered Belus; and c) that Saturn (Belus) was the ____son of Saturn (Belus). Among other lessons, the latter should teach cosmic catastrophists that divine genealogy does not necessarily imply the generation of planets from other planets. Consider now Rawlinson's words: "When Belus, however, is called the first king [as he also is], the founder of the empire, or the builder ...

>7. The Feast Of Light. Ch.3 In Fear And Trembling (Mankind in Amnesia) [Velikovsky]
... or Tammuz or Cronos appear as a god of vegetation. Jupiter collected much of the dispersed material and, rotating ever more swiftly, underwent fission. Saturn, prominent in the sky- possibly even the star around which the Earth revolved- became invisible until once again found, now with rings around it. The Greek legend made Jupiter a ____son of Saturn, in the sense that Jupiter took over the dominion of the sky. It was also Jupiter who put Saturn in bonds. But in the Egyptian way of viewing the celestial drama, it was Isis (Jupiter), the spouse of Osiris (Saturn) who wrapped him in swaths, the way the deceased are dressed ...

>8. Jupiter -- God of Abraham (Part II) [Journals] [Kronos]
... ) Sanchoniathon coupled Misor, who is the same as Mesaru, with Sydyk, who is the same as Zedek.(118) Zedek, therefore, is the same as Kittu and as such has he been accepted.(19) This makes Zedek the ____son of Shamash which compares favorably with the well known relation of Jupiter as the ____son of Saturn. It can therefore be seen that this attribute of Saturn, namely the concept of righteousness, passed on to Jupiter; and in time Jupiter's name, as Zedek, became synonymous with "righteousness".(120) The root "zedek" as a theophoric element in personal names was common in Babylonia and elsewhere outside ...

9. Sothic Dating: A "Surrealjoinder" (Forum) [Journals] [Kronos]
... (7 ) I am sure even Isenberg will accept. In Hindu mythology, different sources offer different genealogies. Thus, Kartikeya is also spoken of as a son of Agni.(8 ) That Agni, like Shiva, was a personification of Saturn I have also documented.(9 ) If Kartikeya was truly Venus, as the ____son of Saturn he would then fit in with the major claim made in my paper. But where is the evidence that Kartikeya ever stood for Venus? In his footnote on Kartikeya, Isenberg stressed the fact that this deity "was explicitly begotten to cope with a celestial crisis, to lead the devas into battle riding on a peacock" ...

10. The Quantavolutionary Scan [Books] [de Grazia books]
... body bleeds these rays for thousands of years. The quantavolutionary thinks: "Mythology from several places reports that Saturn, the planet-god, flew into a fiery rage...Velikovsky in 1965 wrote Harry Hess of Princeton, to urge that Saturn be studied for the emission of x-rays." And what a truculent monster appears to be the ____son of Saturn, Jupiter, upon examination by spacecraft. In 1974 the astrophysicist Robert Bass demonstrates mathematically that the structure and motions of the solar system cannot be presumed to be stable even to one thousand years. Bass is a catastrophist. He is also sympathetic to biblical creationism. The quantavolutionary reads him carefully. "Will Bass lead me

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Search on Jupiter

>14. The Mythical History of the Comet Venus (Part I) [Journals] [Aeon]
_From: Aeon II:4 (1991) Home | Issue Contents The Mythical History of the Comet Venus (Part I) David Talbott
_INTRODUCTION
_Taking the mythically-based model of the polar configuration as a reference,(1 ) it is possible to reconstruct from ancient testimony the remarkable history of the planet Venus in prehistoric times. The integrity of this reconstruction will, in turn, lend substantial verification to the model by demonstrating that here - as in other instances previously noted - the model satisfies the requirements of a general theory: it accommodates and explains the data in a consistent way, while removing countless anomalies that have frustrated previous efforts to place ancient myths and symbols in a comprehensible light. It is particularly noteworthy that none of the common Venusian themes, when examined in detail, are explicable by Venus' appearance today - a point that is only underscored by the occasional guesses of historians and mythologists seeking to explain the motifs within conventionally accepted frameworks.
_Figure 1 The Polar Configuration
_Consider these well-established associations of the planet-goddess: Eye of the sun god; Ascending heart or soul of a dying god or king; Dove, pigeon, partridge, etc.; Maiden daughter of a great king; Love goddess; Bearded goddess; Sidelock of the sun; World-devouring hag; Raging serpent; Lamenting goddess; Spinning and weaving goddes; Goddess of fate; "Moon" goddess (i.e., goddess of a celestial crescent); Cow goddess; Ship of the sun; Sky-band; Queen or mistress of the mountain. The dilemma for conventional interpretation is obvious: in seeking to account for these dominant motifs, the theorists must resort to a series of separate and unconnected conjectures. The model under discussion, however, implies that the actual history of the planet, though highly unusual, not only anticipates or "predicts" these themes, but consistency explains the very details which ad hoc conjectures overlook. In seeking out the original, concrete images embedded in myth and symbol, I have sought to define celestial forms once seen in the sky. From recurring mythical and artistic renderings of these forms, together with recurring planetary associations, one can deduce the placement of celestial bodies. If valid, this methodology should eventually provide many clues to our understanding of the physical forces required. Our reasoning, in other words, must proceed from the fullest possible consideration of historical data. Which is to say, there is little value in contriving abstract physical models, then attempting to project these models onto the ancient experience. Mere physical theory allows for limitless possibilities. Hence, it is not significant that a model may may "work" in a theoretical sense. The obvious prior question is: did it happen? To reiterate the general outline of our mythically-based model: at the heart of the observed planetary configuration is the stationary Saturn, remembered as the central sun and creator-king at the celestial pole. Enclosing Saturn was a spectacular band, seen as the visible dwelling (crown, temple, city, kingdom, world wheel) of the ancient sun god, and presenting earth witnesses with a brightly illuminated half-circle or crescent. Produced by reflected light from the solar orb and revolving around the stationary Saturn with each turn of the Earth on its axis, the crescent grew bright as it descended to the left of Saturn and the surrounding sky darkened. The configuration reached its greatest brilliance when the crescent was directly below Saturn (at midnight). In the original language of the daily cycle this was the to diminish as it rose to the right of Saturn, reaching its weakest point as it arched above Saturn, the archaic "night." From the viewer's northern horizon a great column of light rose toward Saturn along the polar axis, looking very much like a pillar holding aloft both the planet and the celestial enclosure. The small orb at the apex of the column was the reddish planet Mars, the heaven-sustaining giant and warrior-hero of global myth. Spiraling out from the polar axis was a turquoise stream of gas or dust, terminating in the orb of Venus, remembered around the world as the mother goddess. Myth-making imagination perceived this projection as a revolving curl of "lifebreath," a circling beard or sidelock, or the termination of a rope or cord extending from its coil (to name a few of the most prominent symbols). Also visible were four streams of gas or dust appearing to radiate from the shared polar axis.
_PRIMEVAL CONJUNCTION
_As readers of my previous articles know, I have claimed that the planetary arrangement behind the polar configuration involved the former dominance of the planet ____Jupiter, all other participating bodies serving as Jovian "satellites" of sorts, in a planetary alignment having no counterpart in the solar system today. The shared rotational axis of these "satellites" extended out from Jupiter. The illustration below, while suggesting the planetary sequence, necessarily compresses the distances. Figure 2. The "Conjunction" of Saturn's Age Based on a number of mythical threads (whirlpool of creation, "greyness" of the earliest age, absence of seasons, origina1 profusion of cosmic "waters"), I have privately speculated that the entire planetary configuration moving through a gaseous envelope extending perhaps several million miles from Jupiter. (And if so, the dynamic interaction of the participating planets with this medium must be a part of any discussion of the physics of planetary alignment!) Jupiter was originally hidden behind Saturn, subsequently to be "born" as the rejuvenated or resurrected sun god following a great catastrophe in which the shared axis was disturbed and Saturn displaced from its polar position.(2 ) Moving up the axis from Earth, the original planetary line-up was: first Mars, then Venus, then Saturn, then Jupiter.(3 ) What earthbound observers witnessed, therefore, was an extremely simple celestial image: the gigantic orb of Saturn hovering motionless in the sky, displaying in its center the orb of Venus, within which stood the even smaller planet Mars. Accordingly, the myths speak of a primeval conjunction of planets at the time of the Golden Age;(4 ) a primeval unity, in which all of the celestial or planetary powers were housed within a singular celestial form;(5 ) and a stationary sun, identified as Saturn.(6 ) Though the themes are entirely distinct, they are all equally - and remarkably - consistent with (one could say, predicted by) the principle of polar alignment on which the model is based.
_SCENARIO IN BRIEF
_Beginning with the earliest remembered celestial condition, it is possible to reconstruct a unique sequence of events leading up to the phase of the configuration discussed in previous articles. As emphasized on several prior occasions, key events which follow from this original alignment imply either motion along the shared axis, or removal from the axis. (I restate this point once more in order to encourage the reader to reflect on the implications of the themes cited below: if these themes actually answer to objective events, is any alternative to polar alignment conceivable?)
_The scenario involves these essential elements: Eye of the Central Sun. In the original celestial scheme, Venus appeared squarely in the center of the motionless Saturn. Both the goddess and planet Venus are thus remembered as the eye of the one-eyed creator-king, the visible heart of the god, or a central orb or light perceived as the sovereign god's animating soul. These pervasive and interconnected myths and images make clear that Venus originally rotated on the shared polar axis, at a sufficient distance from the Earth to remain visually fixed in a central position. At this juncture, the cometary stream reaching up the axis toward Saturn appeared to radiate in all directions from Venus, and spread across the face of Saturn.
_Pupil of the Eye. In the myths, the planet Mars is the warrior-hero, whose birth from the Venus goddess is one of most frequently encountered themes of world mythology. Prior to the birth of Mars, the reddish planet was seen inside of Venus, giving rise to the planet-god's identity as the innermost "heart of the heart," the pupil, child, or reddish apple of the Eye, or a reddish stone carried in the "womb" of the goddess. All of these interacting symbols of the original condition indicate that Mars also rotated on the shared polar axis.
_Creative Outflow. Creation legends are a mirror of experienced events, though a later age of philosophy and reason would eventually recast the myths as metaphysical dramas. Creation began when a massive volume of material appeared to erupt from Saturn (or from the Venus-eye), creating a cloud of comet-like debris filling the circumpolar region. Mythically, this erupting material was the sea of chaos, the untamed waters of the deep. But the same ejecta was viewed as a sea of visible "words" exploding from or shouted into existence by the sun god at the outset of creation. Other myths saw in this debris a mass of fiery serpents or worms, a horde of demons, or a pack of fiery-eyed dogs, jackals or wolves, swarming, screeching birds, the luminous grass or reeds of a celestial marsh or swamp, or a sea of celestial grain. Numerous versions of the creation legend agree that it was from this "primeval matter" that the creator-king fashioned a spectacular dwelling in the sky.
_Birth of the Hero. In connection with this unstable period, Mars descended along the axis, appearing to have been dropped from the womb of the Venus goddess, and taking up a position beneath Saturn, i.e ., closer to the Earth. The Martian hero is thus not only the child of Venus; he is the Demiurge, conceived as the outflow of the sovereign god's female heart (Venus). As such the warrior hero personified the visible "will" of the creator, coming forth to directly influence external events. The original context is extremely concrete. As Mars moved closer to the Earth, a stream of gas or dust now stretched between the two orbs, with Mars occupying the apex of what appeared to earthbound witnesses as a fiery column. Mythically, the occasion of the hero's birth is therefore synchronous with the formation of the world mountain or nether river.(7 )
_Exhalation of Venus. During this period of instability, Venus was dislodged from its visually motionless position in the center of Saturn and began revolving around the polar axis. To the observer on Earth, it appeared as if the luminous orb was exhaled or spit out by Saturn. The god externalized his heart or soul. Now, a comet-like stream reaching upward from Venus toward Saturn (hence, not originally seen as a connecting stream) took on the form of a simple spiral or curl - what I have called the lifebreath curl - reflected in the Egyptian hieroglyph . Mythically, this vital form of the mother goddess was viewed as a revolving beard, sidelock, or feather, a rope or thread curling out from Saturn, a curling serpent (or protruding serpent neck and head), and a torch or flame. Hence, it is no coincidence that the word-images used to depict these forms are, around the world, the pre-astronomical hieroglyphs for the comet. Because of its close relationship to the Mars pillar (seeming to hang from the apex of the pillar), the lifebreath curl was also considered the beard or sidelock of the newborn warrior-hero.
_Casting of the Eye. A cataclysmic moment occurred as Venus was further removed from the axis, its spiralling tail appearing to break away from the polar axis altogether. Many myths depict the sun god hurling the externalized eye or heart-soul against the powers of surrounding chaos. The beard, sidelock or rope was visually severed from Saturn (or from Saturn's supporter/servant, the warrior-hero), an event frequently interpreted as the death of the sun god (since it was his heart-soul and lifebreath). This occasion was also the birth of the raging serpent dragon, the most prevalent monster of world mythology. Now the cometary tail took on an uncontrolled and fiery appearance, spreading debris across the face of Saturn and, at least for a time, obscuring the planet altogether. The lamenting goddess or world-devouring hag (prototype of the witch) raged in circles around heaven, her dishevelled hair often depicted in flames or as constituted by fiery serpents. Or a torch was flung against the world, or was let loose by accident, or attached to a wild beast which ran amok, setting the world aflame.
_Spiralling Dragon. As Venus moved in widening circles, the comet-like tail began to spiral up and around the polar axis, taking on the appearance (to terrestrial observers looking up the axis) of a great whirlpool or whirlwind. In the myths, the tail of the attacking serpent-dragon wrapped itself around the summit of the world mountain or cosmic pillar. Or, conversely, the Venus goddess wrapped her own essence around the dying god, as hair, cloth, or magical bonds. Or, in still another interpretation, the circling, exhaled heart proceeded to gather up, or sweep the chaotic debris into an organized pattern (the full spiral). Though the imagery is complex, many strands of evidence suggest that the winding comet-like tail produced a total of nine visible turns around the axis. In ancient languages, the nine turns of the spiral are frequently associated with cycles of time (circle = cycle). Hence, the most common period of time that the myths assign to this ordeal of the gods is nine days, nine weeks, nine months, or nine years. Additionally, four streams of gas, dust or celestial material, radiating from the polar axis - and superimposed against the ninefold spiral - produced the image of a vast web or net stretched across Saturn's domain. It is in these concrete terms that we will come to understand why the goddess of fate is a weaving goddess.
_Enclosure. In numerous mythical versions of these events, Saturn's cosmic dwelling is said to have been constituted from the winding tail of the encircling "comet." The turns of the elaborate spiral were wound more and more tightly together, until fully resolved (visually, at least) into a single enclosure. The raging, spiralling serpent was pacified or subdued, its own body providing the dwelling of the sun god (crown, temple and kingdom, etc.). Or the encircling rope, wound around the sun god, was progressively tightened into a unified coil, marking out the boundary of the newly-created celestial domain. Or the essence of the weaving goddess, wound about the creator-king, produced the "garment" of the king. Or the waters of celestial chaos (the whirlpool of the deep) were "compressed" into a single enclosure. Or a golden band or bond was wrought from the goddess' dispersed, spiralling hair.
_Crescent Enclosure. At some point after formation of the enclosure, it was split into semicircles of light and shadow by light cast upon it from the solar orb. To observers on earth, the band came to acquire a vast semicircle or crescent reaching half way around it. The myths recall the dramatic appearance of this brightly illuminated half-circle as the "raising up of heaven" from the primeval darkness and the division of the god's dwelling into upper and lower domains (i.e., the portions of the enclosure "above" and "below" the sun god.(8 )
_Hanging Goddess. With the visual resolution of the ninefold spiral into a single enclosure, Venus continued to circle outside the band, now appearing as an appendage or extension of the band (as in Fig. 1). Mythically perceived, the neck and head of the serpent dragon extended out from its now fully-coiled body. Or the revolving sidelock, beard, or feather was hung upon, tethered to, or otherwise projected from the newly created dwelling. Or the curled end of a rope protruded from its coil. Or the goddess herself (or the goddess' head)was hung by the hair or by a rope or cord.(9 )- In outlining the principal details of this scenario, we shall keep the focus primarily on the planet Venus, reserving for future articles many details pertaining to the other planets involved. Because the model covers a great deal of mythical territory, it will obviously not be possible to stop and elaborate each and every mythical association. Where appropriate, I shall simply state some of the associations for the benefit of context and future analysis, while substantiating those that are most crucial to the flow of our analysis in this series.
_EYE-HEART-SOUL
_Our argument holds that in the earliest remembered scheme, Venus rotated on an axis with several other aligned planets. A key to our analysis is a simple and verifiable equation: Planet Venus = Eye of the creator-king = Heart of the creator-king = Inner

>174. Guidelines To The Saturn Myth [Journals] [Kronos]
From: Kronos Vol. X No. 3 (Summer 1985) Home | Issue Contents Guidelines To The Saturn Myth (Part One of a Series) David Talbott
_BACKGROUND
_Recent issues of KRONOS have included several papers dealing with Saturn and the Golden Age. Though the resulting portrait may not be entirely clear, readers surely have noticed certain overlapping images. The portrait has also been clouded somewhat by disagreements on some fundamental issues, several of them concerning my proposed "polar configuration". In 1972, while serving as publisher of Pensee, I presented to several of the journal's associates an unusual idea, one which (to the best of my knowledge) had no theoretical precedent. I suggested the prehistoric existence of an apparition towering above the Earth and centered upon an ancient sun god of the north celestial Pole. This old god, I believed, was the planet Saturn, the now-distant body which Velikovsky - for one - had claimed once ruled the Golden Age. Specifically, the suggested configuration involved a number of separate components, several of them planets in an astronomically improbable (others would say impossible) alignment, together presenting a generally unified image to terrestrial observers. The cover illustration which I supplied to KRONOS (X:1) captures, with modest amendments, the original illustration of 14 years ago. Portions of the related evidential material were included in a highly condensed (419 page) volume, The Saturn Myth, completed in 1977 and published in 1980 by Doubleday. In the fall of 1972, with a preliminary view of a polar configuration in hand, I conveyed the illustration to Fred Jueneman, whose response was enthusiastic
... And at that pace, developing the full argument on behalf of the Saturnian configuration - which means bringing into the discussion countless myths of world mountains, cosmic wheels, Saturnian sun-crosses, revolving crescent-ships and a hundred other related and vital motifs - I am afraid we will all be on Social Security by then. Therefore, I am inclined to suggest a speed-up of the evaluation process - and to propose that this be achieved by short-circuiting the level-by-level "proof", beginning instead with the end of the story: a description of the polar configuration, unencumbered by the more complex language of the myths, and at the obvious risk of appearing cavalier: "Forget the evidence - here's what happened!" An advanced summary of the polar configuration may have the disadvantage of reader incredulity at the start, but it has one advantage over the slow and rigorously evolved presentation. It offers at the outset a full context for investigation by others. Those with prior interest in the subject matter, and a willingness to consider even the "unthinkable", have already demonstrated the ability to work from an outline of the polar configuration toward independent verification, quickly expanding their own familiarity with various mythical traditions. Moreover, Saturn's polar configuration is too specific an idea to allow for slippery ambiguities in interpretation - the usual difficulty in evaluating "keys" to ancient traditions. If invalid, the proposed images, behaving in a highly specific way, must constitute the easiest possible target for refutation. But on the other hand, if the required mythical images are confirmed, the level of specificity will tend to prevent the investigator from conjuring the types of ad hoc explanations noted above. The Saturn Myth claims that the polar configuration was the singular source of myth and symbol. It can therefore be subjected to many hundreds of tests in which the implications of the model are clear and leave little room for debate. Before proceeding with the summary, however, I must add one qualification: With respect to the illustration which I offered to KRONOS (and which is outlined below) the subject is a configuration with a dynamic history. It emerges through a sequence of dramatic events and undergoes certain tumultuous and earth-shaking transformations. How this configuration evolved, and what happened to it must eventually be considered - and in fact these aspects of the "model" will contribute heavily to the most crucial tests. But even the simple outline below will provide the serious researcher with a sufficiently concrete map to begin independent investigation.
_DEFINING THE CONFIGURATION
_Because the north celestial Pole was its pivot or center, I called the proposed Saturnian form the "polar configuration". To a terrestrial observer, the apparition stretched upward from the northern horizon and filled the circumpolar sky with a nightly display, an interplanetary light show against which our night sky today would literally disappear. It must be understood, however, that the issue is one of mythical images and their source in a concrete celestial image. While the "model" does involve considerations of logic and perspective, I am not proposing an "explanation" for physicists. Our subject is something seen by ancient man and reflected in all of man's responses to it. The outlined configuration included these components:
1. The sun-like body in the center of the "wheel" is the planet Saturn, fixed squarely at the north celestial Pole, so that, while the rest of the wheel visually turns around Saturn, the central orb itself remains stationary. To "work" at all, the model requires that the Earth and Saturn share a common axis of rotation.
2. To the earthbound observer, the visual, daily revolution of the wheel relates fundamentally to the motion of the crescent, which makes a full turn around Saturn with each rotation of the Earth. The surrounding sky is darkest, and thus the configuration its brightest when the crescent appears below, as in the illustration. Its radiance is dramatically reduced when the crescent is above. The reason for this is that the source of the crescent is the light of the rising and setting solar orb (i.e., the body we call "Sun" today).
3. The four arms of the sun-cross should be conceived concretely as streams of "something" propelled violently and symmetrically outward, ejecting luminous material into space.
4. From the surrounding band, streams of dust or gas radiate in all directions.
5. Inside the band, seven lesser bodies revolve around the stationary globe of Saturn.* [* But see Cardona - "Saturn: In Myth and Religion", KRONOS X:1 (Fall 1984), p.8 - who vouches for nine bodies circling within Saturn's band(s ) - LMG]
6. The spiral-like appendage curling out from the band also revolves, but considerably faster than the daily circuit of the crescent. Visually, it appears to "lead" or "tow" the wheel around. The small orb at the termination of the curl is the planet Venus.
7. The modest-sized orb constituting the rounded peak of the "mountain" is the planet Mars, rotating on the same axis with the Earth and Saturn, and from which a luminous stream of gas,
... the same traditions which point to Saturn as the first king make clear that his son and successor was the planet ____Jupiter.* [* In various articles, Dwardu Cardona has insisted that, long before Saturn "begot" ____Jupiter, Saturn was considered to have been his own son. - LMG]
_5. On a violent occasion, it is said, the old sun god died. His "heart" departed, or was taken from him, later to rise as a flaming "star". A crucial episode in Saturn's creation, this was the first sacrifice, involving the end of one epoch or phase of creation, and the beginning of another. Beneath the grotesque rites of sacrifice practiced around the world one discovers precisely this collective memory: the rites were, for the practitioners themselves, the extension of creation in time, a ritual for renewing vital cosmic cycles.
_6. Saturn, as the Creator, brought order out of formlessness, and this achievement produced a royal imperative: In their military expeditions, the warrior-kings of old extended sacred space, bringing neighboring "barbarians" under the unified authority of the sun-god's own regent, the king. The language which they themselves employed will show that the "barbarians" slaughtered in these ventures were seen as the terrestrial versions of celestial chaos (the "fiends of chaos"), the latter appearing as disorderly material ejected by Saturn, but eventually gathered into a circle, the unified kingdom of Saturn's wheel. The Saturnian ritual was, self-evidently, a commemoration of former events. But even more fundamental to ancient religious practices and to civilization's birth was the "teaching" embodied in the events themselves: nothing was deemed more essential to order than reverential obedience to those forms and practices laid down by the supreme teacher himself, the cultural hero, the one who raised mankind from barbarisrn. Saturn's celestial kingdom thus constituted the prescribed order, the Way. In all of this there is a central message: if civilization emerged as man's response to cosmic events, then the distinguishing patterns of the new order are vital symbols of the primeval sky, and as such they provide a reservoir of evidence as to the nature of the celestial phenomena involved, the source of the catalytic, upward pull on human imagination.
_LOOKING FOR A METHODOLOGY
_In presenting the case for Saturn's polar configuration, one cannot avoid drawing upon a "general theory" about the origins of myth and symbolism, the history of the solar system, the beginnings of religion and civilization and the nature of mythmaking consciousness. But this general theory is itself the outgrowth of highly unusual findings, and has very little in common with familiar views in the effected fields. How, then, can the thesis be convincingly demonstrated in separate pieces, each of which, to become intelligible, requires that the others be granted tentative acceptance? The problem may indeed seem insurmountable within the space limitations of a journal such as KRONOS. Of course, it is possible to develop the theoretical edifice one brick at a time. The argument can be divided into various discrete theses and constructed level by level from the ground up; here one might lay the first floor with a few of the most elementary mythical principles: Saturn was the ancient sun god. The ancient sun god occupied the Pole. Saturn occupied the Pole. Readers of The Saturn Myth will recognize this level-by-level approach as the one adopted there. (And by this approach one does not arrive at the image of the polar configuration until after page 200 - by which time reader attrition is high.) Moreover, at each level of argument one must deal with another consideration: stated as separate theses, the various levels rarely require one to move beyond principles already acknowledged by someone else of a wholly non-Velikovskian persuasion. Thus, the three "mythical principles" listed above, though never stated in combination before The Saturn Myth, have all been stated separately by well-respected scholars, most of them unaware of the related "discoveries" of the others. And none of these researchers were moved by their respective surprises to question the accepted history of the solar system. [But cf. D. Cardona in KRONOS III:4 , pp. 24-44. - LMG] The noted Assyriologist Morris Jastrow found that the Babylonians identified their "sun-god" as Saturn. But "solving" the mystery was not difficult: the mythmakers must have needed an imagined sun of night to complement the sun of day, so they gave Saturn the name of the Sun.(1 ) Finding the same connection of Helios and Sol with Saturn, Franz Boll offered a very similar explanation.(2 ) Likewise, the tradition of a former polar god or polar sun has been chronicled by a host of scholars;(3

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>64. Thoth Vol III, No. 1: Jan 15, 1999 [Journals] [Thoth]
_SUPERFLARES By Wal Thornhill
_In my opinion the massive flare-up that Velikovsky identified would more than likely have occurred when proto-Saturn encountered the plasmasphere of one of the gas giant planets in the Sun's entourage at the time. Like Dwardu, I think that the simplest and most likely candidate was Jupiter. Such an encounter would allow a cataclysmic charge exchange (superflare) followed by a drastic modification of orbits.

>108. A Personal Report on, and Irreverent Look at, the World Conference 'Planetary Violence in Human History' Portland, Oregon, January 3-5, 1997 [Journals] [SIS Review]
... Gulf of Aden only fit if the point where the two meet was once raised. 3. The Face on Mars - Cydonia: this was mentioned several times, though Richard Hoagland, who was to cover it, did not ... and bright, or became a huge fireball when it exploded, and that a lot of the mythology attributed to Venus needs to be re-attributed to it. He placed this about 3.2 Myrs ago and seems to postulate an ... dead sun; this only makes sense if it was observed that Saturn changed its position. It was replaced by ____Jupiter, as other myths tell us. The ancient system fell apart and the planets came to occupy the positions they have now. David Talbott: Symbols of an Alien Sky'. Although I was disappointed with Talbott's video Remembering the End of the World, this slide presentation was utterly absorbing and convincing. He showed slides from ancient sources depicting phenomena that do not make sense today, found in different parts of the world that could

>5. Jupiter - God of Abraham (Part III) [Journals] [Kronos]
... From: Kronos Vol. VIII No. 1 (Fall 1982) Home | Issue Contents Jupiter - God of Abraham (Part III) Dwardu Cardona Copyright (C ) 1982 by Dwardu Cardona 12.
_The Cataclysm
_According to Jewish legend, the destruction of the cities of the plain did not come without warning. For quite a few ... "the rain that was streaming down upon [them] was changed into brimstone". (165) In Genesis it is stated: "Then the Lord rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven; "And He overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground."(166) The Book of Jubilees adds very little to the account: "And in this month the Lord executed His judgements on Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Zeboim, and all the region of the Jordan, and He burned them with fire and brimstone, and destroyed them until this day."(167) The version given by Flavius Josephus is even shorter but it introduces a new element: "God then cast a thunderbolt upon the city [Sodom], and set it on fire, with its inhabitants, and laid waste the country with the like burning."(168) According to Philo, "lightnings poured out of heaven".(169) Tacitus also reported that the cities were "struck by lightning and consumed".(170) 13.
_The Aftermath
_Lot, Abraham's kinsman, was still in Sodom at the time of the destruction or just prior to it. Not wishing to desert the land he had adopted, he moved into Bela/Zoar (also called Segor) the only city in the plain which, although "encompassed with the fire", (171) was not itself consumed.(172) Lot's wife, as is well known, succumbed to the catastrophe even though the exact nature of her fate - to be discussed later - remains a matter of some mystery. According to Josephus, Lot and his two daughters remained in Zoar where "he lived a miserable life, on account of his having no company, and his want of provisions".(173) Genesis, on the other hand, states that Lot and his daughters did not remain long in Zoar but left to reside in a cave in the mountains.(174) The same account seems to indicate - and Josephus substantiates it - that Lot's

>191. Monitor [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... but, then, which planet or moon has ever turned out to be what they expected? More Mysteries of Mars (New Scientist, 20.11.04, p. 8 and 29.5 .04, p
... orgies of human sacrifice and a man depicted in a frieze wearing a 5-point crown is thought to represent the planet Venus, which will come as no surprise to anyone who has read Velikovsky. The civilisation came to an end at
... is even new thinking on the birth of the Solar System itself. Perhaps it wasn't a slow condensing of a gas cloud; maybe it suffered massive cataclysms due to exploding nearby stars. It could even be that all the energy and chemicals around created life. Why can these astrophysicist get away with all this wild speculation?
_Jupiter's Journey (New Scientist, 25.9 .04, p. 15) Scientists say they now have evidence that ____Jupiter once drifted tens of millions of kilometres towards the Sun. It could have disturbed the inner planets so that they collided more often. It was a long, long time ago, needless to say.
_The Trouble with Titan (New Scientist, 6.11.04, p. 15 and 20.11.04, p. 9) Data is now coming back from the spacecraft Cassini-Huygens that Titan's surface appears to

5. On Models and Scenarios [Journals] [Aeon]
... in a "world-destroying" cataclysm. Alongside these elementary principles of the theory must be included: The presence of Venus as a spiraling comet - the old sun god's beard or sidelock; the position of the warrior-hero Mars at the apex of the polar column; the original position of the planet ____Jupiter behind Saturn. These essential ideas, to which numerous details must be added, constitute the foundation of an original and now-comprehensive theory of myth. It should be obvious, however, that others now contributing to the discussion are not bound by the confines of my own model, and many variations on the theme of the polar configuration have already been stated (many of them in private communications between researchers) - a situation complicated by the fact that, under the publication schedule permitted in this medium, an adequate summary of the mythical material will not be completed in less than several years. Nevertheless, insofar as speculations on physical models can help to illuminate the more fundamental principles (such as the polar Saturn), there is much to be gained from these tentative hypotheses. What makes a good model? In assessing models, it needs to be remembered that the ultimate foundation of the theory is myth, not celestial mechanics. There is virtually no limit to the number of theoretically-possible events in a purely physical sense. But implicit in the message of myth are the actual events themselves, presented in the only language possible for those who experienced them. Analysis must begin with man's own perceptions. From the abundant mythical-symbolic images the ancients have left us, together with vital planetary identifications of the later astronomical era, numerous deductions are possible concerning the placement of planets, the relationships between planets and the event-sequences associated with the evolution of the configuration. The goal of an interdisciplinary synthesis is to find the unified basis in physical theory for the reconstructed images, and to achieve this without distorting or overlooking any verifiable aspects of this experience. Roger Ashton, in his article, "The Unworkable Polar Saturn" (AEON I: 3), has helped to put exclamation marks behind the physical questions- one of the most crucial contributions anyone can make at this juncture. It is worth noting also that Ashton did not develop his critique from an unsympathetic vantage point. In his own words, he considers the polar configuration (that is, the interacting celestial images) to be "the bedrock of myth," (2 ) So the dilemma is clear: Can the evidence of myth be reconciled with modern physical theory? Milton Zysman of Toronto, in his argument for a primitive ice dome around the Earth, would also accept the basic forms of the polar configuration. But he has looked for a way to explain the imagery without having to ask planets to behave in the bizarre ways required for a sustained polar alignment. (3 ) Even if these efforts ultimately fail (as I have no doubt they will) they can only help to place the key questions in a clearer light. As if to avoid the ultimate tests of any model, some have sought partial physical explanations, responding to one mythical theme or to a few related themes at the expense of the others - though as actually presented in ancient sources all are wholly intertwined. As an example of this I would cite the theory set forth by Lynn Rose, based on Philolaos' "Central Fire." (4 ) While meritorious in its own terms, perhaps, the theory achieves its strength by setting aside virtually all of myth in order to deal with a single motif - that of the motionless god. In Rose's model, the Earth rotates in phase with its revolution around Saturn, so that the same terrestrial hemisphere is always facing Saturn; hence, to an observer on Earth, Saturn does not move. The problem is that the model not only eliminates the axial role of the god in the myths (and dismisses the repeated and universal polar association), but removes any ability to explain the most common symbols of the old sun god (Saturn). In this scheme, a band enclosing Saturn would cut across the face of the planet and would not present the image of the enclosed sun, Saturn's ancient image around the world. (5 ) Nor (for the same reason) could it explain the sun in crescent, another universal symbol, inseparable from the planet Saturn. And these insufficiencies at the elementary level only grow as one descends to particulars. For example: how many of

62. The Celestial Ship of North Vol. I [Books]
... , who in his ancient character is also seen with two horns. Shu in his latest character is the planet Mars, ruler of the Zodiacal house of the Ram. The Ram-headed in the Harris Papyrus is shown manufacturing men on
... their origins they were male-female, as were all the ancient gods. Zeus was often called the Beautiful Virgin, Venus has been found bearded, the original Apollo was bi-sexual, Horus is given in both sexes, Osiris and Isis
... God Taht, the Moon God, later the planet Mercury, and Seb, the Star-God, later the planet ____Jupiter, were said to be born as Time-keepers or Watchers in the heaven. They were types of gods and angels but when history began these types were transformed into demons. In the early beginnings types and symbols were necessities of daily usage in the life of primitive man. The element of Fire, the fire that vivifies, was called Heh, a Serpent. The goddess Hea was the earlier Kefa, Chavvah, Hovah, or Eve. Hovah is the feminine side of Jehovah. The Akkadian Hea was a God of Wisdom, the repository of all wisdom. These all meet in the first-mother Typhon, and among her many types was that of a serpent. Heh as an element of Fire typified the Sun in its motion without visible means

69. Mother Goddess and Warrior-Hero (Part One) [Journals] [Aeon]
... it, though their relative positions change significantly with the evolution of the configuration. The planets are: Saturn, ____Jupiter, Venus and Mars. In this four-part series I shall take up the special roles of the two planets Venus and Mars, both

78. The Olympian Rulers [Books] [de Grazia books]
... From: Chaos and Creation, by Alfred De Grazia Home | Issue Contents CHAPTER NINE The Olympian Rulers "When ____Jupiter was first born, he defeated Saturn and the Sun by his brilliance," reports the Taitiriya Brahmanna [1
... a history of the solar system marked by the transgressions of major gods- Apollo, Mercury, Venus, and Mars. The Olympians were nouveaux arrivés, a group who appeared after the Saturnian family had been displaced, and before ... " of Ymir); then, too, Ishtar of Mesopotamia is to become the child of ____Jupiter, planet Venus, and even the Moon. The names of the gods are innumerable, and often overlap. Varro, the

94. When Earth Was Not Yet Created: An Account of Sumerian Cosmogony [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... from the Semitic root Ihm (" to make war"). The ancients bequeathed to us the tradition that Mars was the god of war and Venus the goddess of both war and love. I therefore identify the pair of
... which appeared in the space between the Sun and Tiamat as Mars and Venus. These two phases in the solar system's creation are illustrated by Figs. 2 and 3. Mars and Venus were destined to develop to a certain size
... of the heavens: An-shar and Ki-shar. I identify this pair as Saturn (with its celestial bands) and ____Jupiter: 11 Before they had grown in age and in stature to the appointed size, 12 God Anshar and god Kishar were brought forth, surpassing them in size More time passed, and another pair of planets was formed farther out: 13 As lengthened the days and multiplied the years, 14 God Anu became their heir, of his ancestors a rival. 15 Then Anu, Anshar's firstborn, as his equal 16 and in his

103. Return to the Paelo-Saturnian Ssystem (Forum) [Journals] [Aeon]
... , let's say the characters known as Adam and Hawwah (not "Havvah") were inspired in part by Mars and Venus (makes no difference to the Divine authorship of the Torah, to my understanding). Is there
... " event as narrated in Holy Scripture is presently set at 5761. Did Saturn's flare-up coincide with the birth of Venus and/or Earth's capture by the Sun? I'm somewhat confused as to when the Saturnian system started orbiting the
... or did the paradisiacal epoch last a while into the Sun's reign of the system? How, exactly, did ____Jupiter take part in the break-up (what was its relationship to the Sun, etc.)? What did all that look like to people on earth? Also, let's say the characters known as Adam and Hawwah (not "Havvah") were inspired in part by Mars and Venus (makes no difference to the Divine authorship of the Torah, to my understanding). Is there a parallel cosmic understanding concerning the births of Hevel and Qayin? Sheth? In my understanding, there is no religious reason for rejecting the possibility that the characters of Adam and Hawwah were inspired by Mars and Venus. However, there are a few practical ones. The name "Adam" is connected to adom (red) only so far as the word for soil and ground (earth) happens to be adama. Adam was only named such because he was formed of afar min-ha-adama - that is "the dust of the earth (or ground"). The reason for this, as supplied in Scripture, is given in the preceding line: "and there was no man to work the soil (eth-ha-adama"). Clearly, man was never intended to work the soil of Mars (at least not up until now). The Adam of the Torah is quite an earthy fellow. It is noteworthy that the Jordan River valley

119. Solaria Binaria [Books] [de Grazia books]
... their rotation around their individual axes. The outer planets were all contained in Super-Uranus. Earth, Mercury, and Mars perhaps retain this fossil motion, whereas the rotations of the outer planets- ____Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and ... - are new rotations, as is the retrograde motion of Venus. Figure 9 pictures Solaria Binaria as a "stacked" system where the planets spin like balls in the gaseous medium that revolves around the central axis between the two ... to Super-Uranus around 11,500 years ago and later to Super-Saturn around 6000 years ago, when it separated from ____Jupiter to retire farther into space. The inner planets rotated around the central "axis of fire" along with the gases of the tube, in a motion that remains today as their rotation around their individual axes. The outer planets were all contained in Super-Uranus. Earth, Mercury, and Mars perhaps retain this fossil motion, whereas the rotations of the outer planets

127. The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah [Journals] [Kronos]
... of the eighth century and at the beginning of the seventh century before the present era, when every fifteen years Mars was approaching dangerously close to the Earth, Isaiah prophesied "the day of the Lord's vengeance," in which
... , was, it follows, a worshipper of ____Jupiter.* * [Cf. "Jerusalem- City of Venus", KRONOS III:3 (Spring 1978), pp. 66-67- LMG] Melchizedek, the priest-king
... the Estate of Immanuel Velikovsky
_Editor's Note: This article is only part of a much larger work by Velikovsky titled ____Jupiter of the Thunderbolt. Its conception goes back to the 1940's when much of the material was first written. The present article has benefited from the editorial assistance of Jan Sammer who, unless otherwise indicated, added the bracketed referential material and fine-tuned the text.
_LMG THE AGE OF THE DEAD SEA
_"With the end of the Tertiary period, in an event of extreme violence . . . the entire Syrian land, from its south end to its north end, was torn apart and the ground in between sank into the depths." So wrote Professor M. Blanckenhorn, the explorer of the region of the Dead Sea.(1 ) In his later work he advanced the age of the rift to the pluvial, or the beginning

143. The Day the Sun Stood still [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... the chorus and the vineyard... For such things he has said about Venus and about the adultery of Mars, these things are also shown to have been composed from none other than this very wisdom; for the conjunction
... Vulcan made upon the shield and the chorus and the vineyard... For such things he has said about Venus and about the adultery of Mars, these things are also shown to have been composed from none other than this
... gleaming-eyed goddess, ever-ready, having a relentless heart, venerable virgin protecting the city, mighty Tritogeneia, whom wise ____Jupiter himself bore from his awful head, bearing warlike weapons of flashing gold; and wonder held all the onlooking Immortals

148. Saturn's Children [Books] [de Grazia books]
... most suggestive materials for the kind of speculative reconstruction continued here. 26. "Enlightenment" (seeming) follows Mars. Since this was the last catastrophe it had a modern air about its ideas and culture. 27. Mullen
... then diffusion may be accepted. But if the event occurred in the time of Saturn, ____Jupiter, Mercury or Venus, then diffusion, like independent invention, must be reduced to particulars, and common experience and common observation must
... upon Earth and mankind, Saturn exploded in a nova or collision; a deluge fell upon the Earth; and ____Jupiter became king of the heavenly hosts. From David Talbott we summarize more of the abundant material. For the ancients "it was Saturn who introduced the day... what the Babylonians called Saturn's coming forth in splendor" signified the beginning of the archaic day. 'Saturn dominated the night and competed with the sunlight during the day. Mythical records are unanimous in saying that Saturn, during his reign, stood in the north.... The Egyptian Ra, Osiris, Horus ..., the Mesopotamian Ninurta, Enki, Anu, Shamash ..., the Hebrew, or Ugaritic El ..., the Hindu Brahma, Vishnu, Varuna, Surya ..., the Chinese Huang-ti or Shangti ..., the Greek Kronos - all appear as stationary suns... They are described as fixed at the polar summit... Ra comes forth and diminishes em hetep, which means while standing in one place. 'He comes forth and diminishes at the center, which is also the summit - the celestial Pole.

185. Ashton's Bedrock of Myth (Forum) [Journals] [Aeon]
... that a nearby Saturn loomed continuously over the north pole as a rotating crescent. Situated between Earth and Saturn were Venus and Mars with ____Jupiter hidden behind Saturn! Saturnists believe (1 ) that mythology preserves the record of that alignment and transition to the present Solar System by 2000 BCE, and (2 ) that their novel interpretation of ancient myth and sacred symbols (which redefines such terms as "ocean," "sky," and "earth") gives results superior to those of modern science. Scholars consider this a naïve re-imaging of the Greek divine succession myth: Ouranos-Kronos-Zeus-Ares. The claimed "historical" basis for the "Saturn theory" is greatly exaggerated. Significantly, the ice

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33. The Father of the Gods? [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... to expand the rather restricted views on mechanisms for fusion and fission, perhaps to offer a fresh approach to controlled fusion." May not such "controlled fusion" (or limited fusion) or stellar energy processes produce the heavy element cores within the gas giants? The Stellar Nature of the Jovian Planets Forshufvud suggested (32) that the Great Red Spot of Jupiter was not the scar of the eruption of Venus, but rather a development not noted by early telescopic observation of the 17th century, even though detectable by telescopes of such strength today. The Red Spot would therefore appear to be expanding, which led to the alarming speculation: "Is Zeus pregnant again? Jupiter is certainly energetic. "The recent flare-up of eruptive activity on Jupiter (1961-68) was similar to one observed from 1872 to 1880 and which, in my estimation, ejected 10^21 to 10^22 grams of dark material apparently similar to volcanic ash, above the equatorial cloud cover. The energy expended in ejecting these

38. Venus and Mars [Books] [de Grazia books]
... accordance with older studies by Velikovsky (1952, pp1-53, 98-101). The time coincides with the Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt under Moses, an event so fraught with catastrophe that it remains the substratum of the Judaic, Christian and Islamic religions. If Venus was erupted from Jupiter, it conceivably burst from the disturbed area of the Great Red Spot. Although not demonstrable, this is hypothetically feasible. It was Jupiter's greatest discharge, its last attempt to rid itself of ions and gain electrons. It succeeded; it retired; and its offspring was unleashed into the inner Solar System, where all massive fragments had gone hitherto. Unlike Uranus Minor, Neptune, and possibly Pluto, Venus was of low electrical density and fell victim to encounters with Earth, then Mars, and remained within the inner circle of planets. Both the Earth and Mars took electrical charge from Venus, not without extensive physical "damage" to themselves; they both moved away from the Sun after their

1. Discussion Questions From the Floor [Journals] [Aeon]
... spin "poles." Both the Earth's and Uranus' magnetic and spin poles are relatively skewed, Uranus' quite severely. d) The electron flux between Io and ____Jupiter is obviously a local phenomenon, not directly related to ____Jupiter's orbit or to the Sun's influence. The Jovian magnetic field is insufficient to provide the potential for the flux
... vividly described by Talbott (p. 5) and others as a "World Mountain" might possibly be explained. *Kelly actually picked a point on southern Baffin Island; but I take that as fairly close to Iceland by comparison with the limits of the ice mass.
_MORE VELIKOVSKIAN CONFUSION
_SPEAKER: C. LEROY ELLENBERGER
_I. In issue four of AEON, p. 34, Fred Hall writes that Tambora and Krakatoa "have left no clear record in the Greenland ice cap." For the life of me I can't understand anyone making such a statement, unless the emphasis is meant to be on the word "clear." In any event, it is virtually certain that Tambora and Krakatoa did register volcanic acidity in Greenland as witnessed by the Crete core (see Hammer, et al., Nature 288, Nov. 20, 1980, pp. 230-35). Hall's use of the adjective "clear" may be an attempt to discount the acidity record because of the supposed absence of a particulate or dust layer/record attributed to Tambora and Krakatoa. But it is not reasonable to expect dust from sub-equatorial eruptions to stay suspended in the air long enough and in high enough concentrations to register a visible layer in the ice. The acidity is sufficient to signal an eruption. Every eruption of Etna registers an acidity signal above background in Greenland, and exceptional eruptions produce exceptional acidity signals there. Further, it is disingenuous in the extreme to assert baldly that the Greenland ice cap may be only 5,000 years old when annual layers can be counted back past 5100 B.C. (see Dansgaard, et al., Science 218, 24 Dec 1982, pp 1273-77, for example). In fact, he gives no reason why a shrinking ice cap should be an unreliable source of annual data from cores taken from the cap's central regions. I see no reason why the record of accumulation in the interior of an ice cap is necessarily compromised by the fact that melting around the edges exceeds interior accumulation. What Hall has written about ice cores fails to discredit the conventional understanding of their make-up. While I applaud AEON's publication of Ashton's brilliant critique of the polar Saturn idea it needs to be pointed out that he is incorrect with respect to tidal bulges and the mantle penetrating crust. The mantle will not protrude the crust under the tidal influence of any distorting body for much the same reason that heavy and light bodies do not fall at different rates in a gravitational field. A lead ball and a rubber one from the same height will hit the ground together, ignoring air resistance. Similarly, the tug of an external body on the Earth would not pull the mantle through the crust. However, Ashton is in the ball park on the equilibrium water/body tide on Earth from being in synchronous rotation about Saturn - about 60 km. Interestingly, the same would obtain in synchronous rotation about Jupiter; the larger mass compensates for the greater orbital radius, 45 vs. 31 Earth radii. Regarding the pear-shaped Earth, Hall is incorrect in representing that the J3 harmonic in Earth's figure, which manifests an 18 m "bulge" at the North Pole, is the residual of a former tidal bulge formed by some mythical polar configuration. Two years ago I pointed out that the relaxation time of Earth for the Fennoscandian uplift is 4,400 years. Assuming this is approximately true for the slumping of the putative former tidal bulge, it would reach 10% after 10,131 years and 5% after 13,200 years. Five per cent of 60,000 meters is 3,000 meters, not 18 m, and falling. Since artificial satellites have been used to measure the effect of the glacial rebound in Fennoscandia and have detected no greater first derivative in Earth's figure, it is safe to assume the "Saturnian" bulge no longer exists - and probably never did in the first place. If Hall wishes to defend the polar configuration's former bulge, instead of blithely asserting J sub 3, he should make the proper assumptions, model the bulge and its subsequent relaxation over the relevant time frame and see just what is what. In 1979 Rose was adamant in his refusal to put numbers in his Philolaos piece; but as an engineer I doubt Hall suffers the same infirmity! In point of fact, a polar Saturn would have produced a bulge which today would be measured in kilometres! Regarding body tides in synchronous orbits, consider Io about Jupiter at 66 Earth radii. Io is 1.2 the mass of Luna and 1.04 the radius at 1,815 km. Orbiting Jupiter in 1,769 days, Io's tidal bulge is on the order of 10 km, which is one reason why it is never apparent on NASA photos. And a 60 km bulge on Earth would hardly be noticed from the ground, for that matter! Moving Io in closer for a 24 hr orbit triples the tidal force so the bulge would be on the order of 30 km. As Hall points out, Mars also is pear-shaped. However, I fail to be impressed that this has anything to do with a former polar configuration. For both Earth and Mars, their equatorial bulges produced by rotation are far greater than the aspects of their respective pear-shapes. What is particularly suspicious is the fact that the pear shapes are both symmetric with the spin axis. This is not what would be expected if large polar bulges existed at the end of the polar configuration. A high latitude bulge would produce polar wandering, such as described by Peter H. Schultz in "Polar Wandering on Mars" in the December 1985 Scientific American, pp. 94-102. A polar bulge produced by the polar configuration would tend to migrate to a lower latitude, ideally the equator. Thus any bulge produced by the polar configuration would not now be expected to be at the pole. Large volcanic features on the equator of Mars possess features, as Schultz explains, indicating that they initially were near the pole; but Hall does not claim them for the polar configuration. Also, with respect to PTT, Hall seems to discount the fact that ____mantle convection has been imaged by seismic tomagraphy; see 10/84 Sci Am, p. 60. 110
_II. Bob Driscoll's "tentative physical model" in AEON I:4 is imaginative, to say the least, but it is far too speculative to be given much credence at this point. At the minimum, the presentation should indicate the thermodynamic possibility that uranium isotopes could separate naturally in the core and then precipitate or otherwise "plate out" to produce a critical mass. Given the extremely low abundance of uranium and the total lack of knowledge of the trace element composition in the cores of terrestrial planets and the rocky cores of Jovian planets, the very basis of Driscoll's model is wishful thinking in the extreme and in the absence of physical evidence that such an explosion ever happened it cannot be taken seriously. However, we do not need Driscoll's model to explain recent destruction in the satellite systems of Jupiter and Saturn. In a series of papers in The Moon and the Planets beginning in the late 1970s, E.M . Drobyshevski has been developing his model for the explosive evolution of icy, Moon-sized bodies in the Solar System. He posits that the electric current generated by an icy body orbiting in a strong-enough magnetic field, e.g., certain moons of Jupiter and Saturn, electrolyses water-ice into hydrogen and oxygen which builds up in the icy mantle. Eventually the mixture reaches a critical point at which time it may detonate or be detonated, as by the impact of a meteor. According to Drobyshevski, the Galilean moons have all experienced at least one such explosion, as have some Saturnian moons, especially Titan. He correlates many recently-observed facts about the Saturn system and comets with a postulated explosion on Titan between 3500 and 10,000 years ago. Debris would have formed or replenished the rings, contributed to Saturn's excess luminosity, and formed some comets. Chiron, the recently discovered small body orbiting between Saturn and Uranus had a close approach with Saturn 3500 years ago, which date marks the lower limit of the putative Titan explosion. The 10,000 year horizon is based on the expected life-times of other phenomena. Drobyshevski's hypothesised electrolysis of ice is theoretically sound, but unconfirmed by either observation or laboratory experiment. However, the model accounts for many observations, but one key prediction has apparently failed, namely, the existence of liquid water on Titan. All measurements of Titan's temperature place it below 100K, well below the freezing point of 273K. Perhaps Titan's interior temperature permits liquid water. For references to Drobyshevski's work, see Earth, Moon and Planets 34 (1986) 213-222.
_III. Fred Jueneman's adumbration of the polar column in AEON I:4 simply cannot be believed. Until he provides some justification, what he calls "an extraordinary tidal bulge" can be given no credence. His drawing on p. 38 possesses detail that belies the true schematic nature because the two bodies are shown too far apart for Mars or Earth to produce the tidal bulges shown. Taking the figure to be drawn to scale based on the radius of the Earth, the bodies are separated by about 7.5 radii with Earth having a bulge of about 1/3 radius and Mars being about 3/4 Earth's diameter. In reality, the radius of Mars is 0.534 that of Earth, not 0.75. In any event, at 7.5 Earth radii, Mars would only produce a tidal bulge on Earth of about two kilometres. The bulge shown in the figure is impossible since it would require the centre-centre distance between Mars and Earth to be less than one Earth radius! Thus, what purpose does

35. The Celestial Ship of North Vol II [Books]
... Divine Will and Divine Love.8 At one end of the horizontal line of this cross Saturn is conjoined with Mars, and these two planets are polarized by ____Jupiter at the other end. These positions suggest a retarding of evolution from the materialistic side, for Mars and Saturn in conjunction create great cruelty, wars and tyrannies, preventing the help that should be given to humanity. The Jupiter influence that might have been merciful is perverted. On its adverse side, the negative, it holds on to old conventional forms, and also
... , we find Astrology as a Wisdom Religion, the teachers of which were believed to have descended from the planet Venus, under the direction of those who were known in this ancient religion as Lords of the Flame." This seems somewhat misty or cloud-wrapped, but those who love the mythical or mystic and are willing to search and research, until the great wonders of heaven and earth unfold to them in marvelous and almost inconceivable splendor, will find many truths becoming manifest through the little rifts in the veil of materialism

199. The SIS, its history and achievements: a personal perspective [Journals] [SIS Review]
... some original research. I would particularly like to see research into some of the previous catastrophes. We have the Mars and the Venus catastrophes, of course. I've told you about the Chicago event of 1905. One of the
... when suddenly I went hot with a sweat and cold with the shivers having just come to the conclusion that the Venus catastrophes were perhaps the tail end of the original Saturnian catastrophe, or ____Jupiter catastrophe as I thought at that time
... We had to have been orbiting another planet: the shock of this was so great that it brought on the shakes, the heats and the sweats, but it wasn't premature menopause. But again, since conventional wisdom didn't check